Lembaran kerja Kejururawatan pediatrik dengan jawapan

What is usually the first sign of puberty in girls?

1. ARapid weight loss
2. BFirst menstrual period
3. CUnderarm hair
4. DBreast budding

Which signs during a newborn's first feed suggest oesophageal atresia with a tracheo-oesophageal fistula?

1. AA strong suck and rapid weight gain
2. BCoughing, choking and cyanosis
3. CSleeping through feeds and passing pale stools
4. DProjectile vomiting that starts at 4 weeks

What is a positive Brudzinski sign?

1. AThe pupils become unequal in size after a head injury
2. BThe child cannot straighten the knee when the hip is flexed
3. CBending the neck forward causes the hips and knees to flex
4. DThe toes fan out when the sole of the foot is stroked

A 15-year-old seems very low in mood. Is it safe for the nurse to ask directly about suicidal thoughts?

1. ANo; only a psychiatrist is allowed to ask this question
2. BNo; asking about suicide may put the idea into the young person's head and raise the risk
3. COnly if the parents give written permission first
4. DYes; asking directly does not increase the risk and helps find those who need help

Dapatan manakah pada bayi baru lahir yang mencadangkan penyakit Hirschsprung?

1. ANajis kuning terang dan cair
2. BMuntah menyembur pada 4 minggu
3. CGagal mengeluarkan mekonium dalam masa 48 jam selepas kelahiran
4. DBatuk menyalak

Langkah berjaga-jaga kejururawatan manakah yang terpakai bagi kanak-kanak yang disyaki menghidap tumor Wilms (nefroblastoma)?

1. AGalakkan urutan perut yang kuat
2. BElakkan memalpasi perut
3. CBeri enema setiap hari
4. DPastikan kanak-kanak itu berbaring rata di katil selama 2 minggu

In England, a 15-year-old asks a nurse for contraception and does not want her parents told. Which principle applies?

1. AShe may consent herself if judged competent (Gillick and Fraser)
2. BContraception may only be given once she reaches the age of 18
3. CThe nurse must inform her parents and her school straight away
4. DShe can never receive contraception without written consent from a parent

A parent asks why the HPV vaccine is offered in early adolescence (at about 11 to 13 years, depending on the country). Which answer is best?

1. AIt is given at this age because it prevents chickenpox in adolescence
2. BIt is only effective if given in the first year of secondary school, before exams start
3. CChildren of this age are already likely to have the virus, so it treats the infection
4. DIt works best before any exposure to the virus, and young adolescents respond strongly