Lembaran kerja Farmakologi dengan jawapan

Terlebih dos parasetamol (acetaminophen) terutamanya merosakkan organ yang mana?

1. ALapisan perut
2. BParu-paru
3. CBuah pinggang dahulu, kemudian jantung
4. DHati

Mengapakah aspirin dos rendah diberi kepada sesetengah orang dengan penyakit jantung?

1. AUntuk memperlahankan kadar jantung
2. BUntuk mengurangkan agregasi platelet dan mencegah bekuan
3. CUntuk menurunkan paras kolesterol darah dan menstabilkan plak
4. DUntuk melegakan sakit dada serta-merta

Apakah maksud "separuh hayat" (half-life) sesuatu ubat?

1. AMasa sehingga ubat mula bertindak
2. BSeparuh daripada masa ubat kekal dalam badan
3. CMasa untuk separuh dos diserap daripada usus
4. DMasa untuk kepekatan plasma jatuh separuh

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with HIV. When should post-exposure prophylaxis start?

1. AOnly after the nurse's HIV test turns positive
2. BAfter one week, when the risk of infection is clearer
3. CAs soon as possible, and within 72 hours at the latest
4. DOnly if the patient's viral load is above a set level

Which signs suggest early lithium toxicity?

1. ADiarrhoea, vomiting, coarse tremor and drowsiness
2. BHair loss and dark urine only
3. CPinpoint pupils and slow breathing
4. DVery high blood pressure and a severe headache

Which statement about allopurinol is correct?

1. AIt lowers uric acid over time and does not relieve the pain of an acute attack
2. BIt is taken only during an acute attack and stopped as soon as the pain settles
3. CIt works within an hour to relieve joint pain
4. DIt increases uric acid production to flush out crystals

Pesakit yang baru mula mengambil haloperidol mengalami demam tinggi, kekejangan otot "paip plumbum", kekeliruan dan kreatin kinase yang sangat tinggi. Apakah diagnosis yang paling mungkin?

1. ASindrom neuroleptik malignan
2. BHipertermia malignan akibat anestesia
3. CSindrom serotonin
4. DDistonia akut

A patient's record shows anaphylaxis to penicillin. Amoxicillin has been prescribed. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the amoxicillin, as it belongs to a different antibiotic group
2. BWithhold it and contact the prescriber, as amoxicillin is a penicillin
3. CGive the amoxicillin with an antihistamine to prevent a reaction
4. DGive half the dose and observe for a reaction