Lembaran kerja Farmakologi dengan jawapan

Montelukast, used in asthma, belongs to which drug class?

1. AInhaled corticosteroids
2. BShort-acting beta-2 agonists
3. CLeukotriene receptor antagonists
4. DAntimuscarinic bronchodilators

What is physical dependence on a drug?

1. AThe person has an allergy to the drug
2. BWithdrawal symptoms appear if the drug is stopped suddenly
3. CThe drug no longer has any effect, even at much higher doses
4. DThe person takes the drug only when needed

What is an "adjuvant analgesic"?

1. AA strong opioid used only for severe pain at the end of life
2. BA placebo given to test whether pain is real
3. CA drug that reverses the effects of opioids
4. DA drug for another condition that also relieves some pain

How can the absorption of oral iron be improved?

1. ATake it at the same time as an antacid to protect the stomach
2. BTake it with a glass of milk
3. CTake it with vitamin C, such as orange juice, on an empty stomach
4. DTake it with a cup of strong tea

Which technique is correct when giving subcutaneous enoxaparin from a prefilled syringe?

1. AInject into the abdomen away from the navel and do not rub the site afterwards
2. BInject into a vein on the back of the hand
3. CExpel the air bubble from the syringe first, then inject into the deltoid muscle
4. DMassage the site well for one minute after the injection

An adult patient is due to receive digoxin. The apical pulse, counted for a full minute, is 52 beats per minute. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive half the dose and document the pulse
2. BGive the dose and recheck the pulse in one hour
3. CGive the dose with food to slow absorption
4. DWithhold the dose and notify the prescriber

A patient on long-term prednisolone has been vomiting for two days and could not take her tablets. She is now hypotensive and confused, with low sodium and high potassium. What is the most urgent treatment?

1. AIV furosemide
2. BIV hydrocortisone and IV fluids
3. CIV insulin with glucose only
4. DOral prednisolone with a glass of water

Sesetengah reseptor menunjukkan aktiviti walaupun tanpa agonis. Bagaimanakah agonis songsang berbeza daripada antagonis neutral pada reseptor sedemikian?

1. AIa meningkatkan aktiviti melebihi paras asas
2. BIa mengurangkan aktiviti di bawah paras asas
3. CIa memusnahkan reseptor secara kekal
4. DIa tiada kesan apabila diberi sendirian