Prioriteren en delegeren in NCLEX-stijl: samenvattingspakket

A patient with mild dysphagia after a stroke is eating. Which technique helps make swallowing safer?

1. ALying flat with the head tilted back
2. BDrinking thin fluids quickly through a straw between bites
3. CTalking while eating to stay alert
4. DSitting upright with the chin tucked down while swallowing

A dehydrated child is to receive IV fluids with added potassium. Which finding should the nurse confirm first?

1. AThat the child’s temperature is normal
2. BThat the child is hungry
3. CThat the child can walk without help
4. DThat the child is passing urine

Which household item is a strangulation risk for young children?

1. AA large wooden building block
2. BLooped cords on window blinds
3. CSoft cotton socks
4. DA plastic picture book

A patient restrained because of violent behavior is now calm, oriented and following instructions. What should the nurse do?

1. ARemove the restraints, because the reason for them has ended
2. BRemove one restraint each day to test the patient’s behavior
3. CKeep the restraints until the order expires
4. DKeep the restraints until the next provider visit

A patient with suspected pulmonary TB needs sputum samples for acid-fast bacilli. Which instruction is correct?

1. AGive one sample of saliva collected from the mouth at any time of day
2. BGive one sample after brushing with mouthwash so it is clean
3. CGive several deep-cough samples, often first thing in the morning
4. DGive several samples of nasal mucus blown into a tissue

Een patiënt die warfarine gebruikt met een stabiele INR van 2,4 begint een antibioticakuur met bijvoorbeeld ciprofloxacine. Een week later is de INR 4,6. Wat is de meest waarschijnlijke verklaring?

1. ADe patiënt heeft meer vitamine K-rijk voedsel gegeten
2. BHet antibioticum heeft de behoefte van de patiënt aan antistolling genezen
3. CEen laboratoriumfout is de enige mogelijke verklaring
4. DEen geneesmiddelinteractie die het effect van warfarine verhoogt

A patient's low potassium does not improve despite potassium replacement. Which other electrolyte should be checked?

1. ASodium
2. BMagnesium
3. CPhosphate
4. DChloride

A patient starting a DOAC is taught about missed doses. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will report any blood in my urine."
2. B"I will tell other doctors and my dentist I take an anticoagulant."
3. C"I will take it at the same time each day."
4. D"If I forget a dose, I'll take two the next day to catch up."

De monitor toont ventrikelfibrilleren. De patiënt reageert niet en ademt niet normaal. Wat is de belangrijkste behandeling?

1. ASnel intraveneus adenosine gevolgd door een spoeling
2. BGesynchroniseerde cardioversie onder diepe sedatie
3. CIntraveneus atropine en externe pacing
4. DReanimatie en zo snel mogelijk defibrillatie

A patient with asthma needs their reliever every three hours and their peak flow is falling well below their personal best. What does their action plan most likely advise?

1. AFollow the worsening-asthma steps and get a same-day review
2. BStop the preventer inhaler for a few days to rest the lungs
3. CDo extra exercise to open the airways
4. DWait two weeks to see whether it improves without any change

Een patiënt heeft na een beroerte een homonieme hemianopsie. Hoe moet de verpleegkundige in eerste instantie helpen?

1. AVanaf de zienende kant benaderen en leren het hoofd te draaien om te scannen
2. BDe kamer donker houden om visuele prikkels te verminderen
3. CDe bel en drankjes aan de kant zonder zicht zetten om die te trainen
4. DHet oog aan de aangedane kant afplakken met een pleister

Een patiënt heeft episodes van ernstige hoofdpijn, zweten, hartkloppingen en zeer hoge bloeddruk. Aan welke aandoening moet worden gedacht?

1. AZiekte van Addison
2. BFeochromocytoom
3. CDiabetes insipidus
4. DHypothyreoïdie

A patient with a new colostomy asks what to eat at home. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AAvoid all fruit and vegetables for the rest of their life
2. BEat only liquids until the stoma is removed
3. CEat a normal, balanced diet and introduce foods gradually
4. DDrink as little fluid as possible to reduce output

A nurse teaches a patient going home between chemotherapy cycles. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll check my temperature whenever I feel hot, shivery or unwell."
2. B"If I get a fever, I'll take paracetamol and see if it settles."
3. C"I'll wash my hands often and avoid people with infections."
4. D"I'll keep the emergency number and call if I feel shivery."