Werkblad Laboratoriumwaarden en elektrolyten met antwoorden

Which substance contributes most to normal serum osmolality?

1. AUrea (from BUN)
2. BPlasma albumin
3. CSodium and its anions
4. DGlucose in plasma

Wat meet de "piek"-spiegel van een geneesmiddel?

1. ADe laagste bloedconcentratie vóór de volgende dosis
2. BDe gemiddelde spiegel over een week
3. CDe hoogste bloedconcentratie na een dosis
4. DDe spiegel waarbij het geneesmiddel toxisch wordt

In many US nursing references, what is the commonly cited therapeutic range for serum lithium in maintenance therapy?

1. AAbout 2,0–3,0 mEq/L
2. BAbout 0,6–1,2 mEq/L
3. CAbout 10–20 mEq/L
4. DAbout 3,5–5,0 mEq/L

A patient on a heparin infusion has blood in the urine and an aPTT far above the target. The nurse stops the infusion and informs the provider. Which antidote should the nurse anticipate?

1. ANaloxone
2. BCalcium gluconate
3. CVitamin K (phytonadione)
4. DProtamine sulfate

A urine culture is ordered for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. How should the nurse collect the sample?

1. ARemove the catheter and culture the catheter tip
2. BDisconnect the catheter from the tubing and let it drain
3. CAspirate from the sampling port with a sterile syringe
4. DPour urine from the drainage bag into a sterile cup

When should the nurse check the glucose before giving a mealtime dose of rapid-acting insulin (such as lispro)?

1. ATwo hours after the meal, then giving the insulin dose
2. BOnly once a day, then giving the same dose before every meal
3. CJust before the meal, giving insulin when the food is ready
4. DAt bedtime only, then giving the mealtime insulin overnight

A patient has a positive hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV) test. What is the most appropriate next step?

1. ATell the patient they definitely have chronic hepatitis C
2. BGive hepatitis C vaccine to prevent further infection
3. CRepeat the antibody test, as a positive test is always false
4. DTest for HCV RNA to find out whether infection is current

Two days after bowel surgery, a patient with nasogastric suction has a distended abdomen, absent bowel sounds and muscle weakness. The potassium is 2,8 mEq/L. Which interpretation is best?

1. AHyperkalemia from tissue damage is causing the bowel to stop
2. BHypokalemia from gastric losses is contributing to paralytic ileus
3. CThe potassium is normal for the second day after surgery
4. DThe low potassium is due to the patient drinking too much water