Werkblad Laboratoriumwaarden en elektrolyten met antwoorden

Which findings are typical of a low serum magnesium?

1. AJaundice, itching and pale stools
2. BLoss of reflexes, flushing and slow breathing
3. CPolyuria, extreme thirst and pale urine
4. DTremor, hyperreflexia and cardiac arrhythmias

What is the main purpose of a Gram stain?

1. ATo sort bacteria quickly into gram-positive or negative
2. BTo measure exactly how many bacteria are in the blood
3. CTo detect viruses in a sample of respiratory secretions
4. DTo test which antibiotics a bacterium is sensitive to

What does the reticulocyte count measure?

1. APlatelets that are larger than normal in size
2. BYoung red blood cells recently released from the bone marrow
3. CImmature white blood cells released during infection
4. DOld red blood cells that are being removed by the spleen

A patient with central diabetes insipidus starts desmopressin. Which laboratory result is most important to monitor for an adverse effect?

1. ASerum potassium, which may rise too high
2. BSerum glucose, which may rise very high
3. CSerum sodium, which may fall too low
4. DSerum calcium, which may rise too high

Bij een patiënt loopt intraveneuze vloeistof in de linkeronderarm. Waar moet de verpleegkundige een bloedmonster afnemen?

1. AUit de andere arm
2. BUit de infuuscanule terwijl de vloeistof loopt
3. CVlak boven de infuusplaats in dezelfde arm
4. DUit elke ader, omdat de vloeistof de uitslagen niet beïnvloedt

A patient has taken hydrochlorothiazide for several years. Which laboratory change is a recognized effect of this drug?

1. AA fall in blood glucose
2. BA fall in serum calcium
3. CA rise in serum potassium
4. DA rise in serum uric acid

At the start of a shift, the nurse reviews four new results. Which patient needs attention first?

1. ASodium 119 mEq/L in a patient with new confusion and vomiting
2. BHemoglobin 11,0 g/dL (110 g/L) in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis
3. CGlucose 180 mg/dL (10 mmol/L) after a meal in a patient with diabetes
4. DPotassium 5,2 mEq/L in a patient with stable chronic kidney disease

A patient has macrocytic anemia with low vitamin B₁₂ and antibodies to intrinsic factor. What does this suggest, and how is it usually treated?

1. AFolate deficiency, treated with folic acid only
2. BIron deficiency, treated with oral iron tablets
3. CPernicious anemia, treated with B₁₂ injections
4. DHemolytic anemia, treated with blood transfusion