Werkblad Laboratoriumwaarden en elektrolyten met antwoorden

Using American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, which HbA1c range is classed as prediabetes?

1. A8,0–9,0% (64–75 mmol/mol)
2. B6,5–7,5% (48–58 mmol/mol)
3. C4,0–5,6% (20–38 mmol/mol)
4. D5,7–6,4% (39–47 mmol/mol)

What is a typical reference range for the prothrombin time (PT) in a person not taking anticoagulants?

1. AAbout 60–90 seconds
2. BAbout 3–5 minutes
3. CAbout 2–4 seconds
4. DAbout 11–13,5 seconds

Wat meet de "piek"-spiegel van een geneesmiddel?

1. ADe hoogste bloedconcentratie na een dosis
2. BDe spiegel waarbij het geneesmiddel toxisch wordt
3. CDe laagste bloedconcentratie vóór de volgende dosis
4. DDe gemiddelde spiegel over een week

Welke factor verhoogt de lithiumspiegel van een patiënt het waarschijnlijkst?

1. AMeer drinken dan gewoonlijk bij warm weer
2. BEnkele dagen meer zout eten dan gewoonlijk
3. CUitdroging of een plotselinge daling van de natriuminname
4. DElke dosis met een maaltijd innemen in plaats van ervoor

A patient has burning on urination and frequency. The dipstick is positive for nitrites and leukocyte esterase, and a urine culture is ordered. When should the sample be taken?

1. AAfter 3 days of antibiotic treatment
2. BAfter the symptoms have fully settled
3. CBefore the first dose of antibiotic
4. DAt any time, as antibiotics do not matter

An older adult with chronic kidney disease takes glyburide (glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea) and has repeated low glucose readings. Why is this a concern?

1. AThe drug stops working entirely when the kidneys fail
2. BThe drug causes high potassium that lowers the glucose
3. CThe drug makes the glucose meter read falsely low
4. DThe drug and its metabolites build up and cause long lows

The nurse prepares a patient for a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test tomorrow morning. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I can have a light breakfast before the test"
2. B"I'll stay seated during the test if I can"
3. C"I'll avoid smoking until the test is over"
4. D"I'll fast overnight but can drink plain water"

Two weeks after a sore throat, a child develops dark (cola-colored) urine, puffy eyes and high blood pressure. Urinalysis shows red cell casts and protein. Which condition is most likely?

1. AKidney stone in the ureter
2. BPost-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
3. CPrerenal acute kidney injury
4. DLower urinary tract infection (cystitis)