Werkblad Laboratoriumwaarden en elektrolyten met antwoorden

A positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test means:

1. AThe person is immune from vaccination only
2. BThe person had hepatitis A in the past
3. CThe person currently has hepatitis B infection
4. DThe person has never met the virus

On a liver panel, "direct bilirubin" refers to which form of bilirubin?

1. AUnconjugated bilirubin
2. BTotal urine urobilinogen
3. CBilirubin in the stool
4. DConjugated bilirubin

What does a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) show?

1. AA specific infection of the urinary tract by bacteria
2. BInflammation somewhere in the body, without showing where
3. CA low level of iron stored in the bone marrow
4. DDamage to heart muscle within the past few hours

Een patiënt die warfarine gebruikt is dagelijks grote porties boerenkool en spinazie gaan eten. De INR is gedaald. Welk advies is het meest passend?

1. ANooit meer groene groenten eten
2. BWarfarine stoppen tot het dieet weer normaal is
3. CDe warfarinedosis verdubbelen zonder de voorschrijver in te lichten
4. DDe inname van vitamine K-rijk voedsel van dag tot dag stabiel houden

Welke groep bevindingen past bij hypercalciëmie?

1. ADorst met zeer verdunde urine als enige tekenen
2. BObstipatie, vermoeidheid, verwardheid en nierstenen
3. CTetanie, spierkrampen en een positief teken van Chvostek
4. DAlleen spitse T-toppen en spierzwakte

A patient with an upper gastrointestinal bleed has a BUN of 48 mg/dL (urea 17 mmol/L) and a normal creatinine. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe kidneys have suddenly lost most of their function
2. BSkeletal muscle is breaking down because of the blood loss
3. CThe liver has stopped making urea because of the bleeding
4. DDigested blood adds protein, which the liver turns into urea

A patient started methimazole for hyperthyroidism 6 weeks ago and now has a fever and a severe sore throat. Which action is most important?

1. ACheck the TSH and double the dose if it is still low
2. BGive the next dose and suggest warm salt-water gargles for comfort
3. CHold the drug and arrange an urgent white cell and neutrophil count
4. DAdvise the patient to continue the drug and drink more fluid

The nurse teaches a patient with iron-deficiency anemia who is starting oral iron. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll take my iron tablet with a big glass of milk"
2. B"I'll keep the tablets out of reach of the children"
3. C"I can take it with orange juice to help absorption"
4. D"My stools may look darker while I take the tablets"