Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: cardiovasculair en respiratoir met antwoorden

Welk symptoom is typisch voor perifeer arterieel vaatlijden?

1. AJeukende bruine huid rond de enkels
2. BEen warme, rode, gezwollen kuit aan één kant
3. CKuitkramp bij lopen die verdwijnt met rust
4. DEnkelzwelling die overdag erger wordt en 's nachts afneemt

What is the compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult CPR?

1. A15 compressions to 2 breaths
2. B30 compressions to 2 breaths
3. C5 compressions to 1 breath
4. D50 compressions to 5 breaths

What is an embolus?

1. AA clot or other mass that travels in the blood and lodges elsewhere
2. BA narrowing of an artery caused by a build-up of fatty plaque
3. CA clot that stays fixed in the vessel where it first formed
4. DA bulge in the weakened wall of an artery that may rupture

Why must inspired air be humidified for a patient with a tracheostomy?

1. AHumidification prevents the cuff from deflating
2. BThe nose and upper airway, which warm and moisten air, are bypassed
3. CHumidified air contains more oxygen than dry air at the same flow
4. DDry air is needed to stop secretions forming in the trachea

A patient stops ramipril because of a troublesome dry cough. Which drug class is a common alternative?

1. AAn angiotensin II receptor blocker such as losartan
2. BA nitrate such as isosorbide mononitrate
3. CA loop diuretic such as furosemide
4. DA non-selective beta-blocker such as propranolol

How does intermittent pneumatic compression help prevent DVT?

1. AIt keeps the legs completely still to protect the veins
2. BIt warms the legs gently so the blood becomes thinner and flows faster
3. CIt breaks up and dissolves clots that have already formed in the veins
4. DIt squeezes the legs in cycles to push venous blood towards the heart

A nurse has four cardiac patients. Which one should be seen first?

1. AA patient with angina whose chest pain has not eased with rest and who is sweating
2. BA patient with AF and a heart rate of 86/min who is due an apixaban dose this morning
3. CA patient after a radial angiogram asking when they can eat
4. DA patient with heart failure whose weight is 0,3 kg up on yesterday's morning weight

A patient on an unfractionated heparin infusion has a nosebleed that will not stop, and the aPTT is far above the target range. What is the most appropriate action?

1. AStop the infusion, inform the prescriber and anticipate protamine
2. BGive vitamin K and continue the infusion at a slightly lower rate
3. CIncrease the infusion, as the aPTT will settle
4. DContinue the infusion at the same rate and pack the nose firmly