Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: cardiovasculair en respiratoir met antwoorden

What does central cyanosis of the lips and tongue indicate?

1. ACold hands caused by the room, with normal oxygen levels
2. BNormal findings in older adults
3. CA high haemoglobin level only
4. DLow oxygen saturation of the arterial blood

Welke groep bevindingen is typisch voor een bacteriële longontsteking?

1. ATonvormige borstkas en jarenlange kortademigheid
2. BPlotselinge pijn op de borst met schone longen en zonder koorts
3. CPiepen dat binnen enkele minuten volledig verdwijnt na een luchtwegverwijder
4. DKoorts, productieve hoest en crepitaties boven één gebied

What does a nebuliser do?

1. AIt sucks secretions out of the airway
2. BIt warms and filters the air entering a tracheostomy tube
3. CIt measures the level of oxygen in the blood through the skin
4. DIt turns a liquid medicine into a fine mist to breathe in

Which emergency equipment should be kept at the bedside of a patient with a tracheostomy?

1. ASpare tubes (same size and one smaller), suction and oxygen
2. BA urinary catheter set, a blood glucose meter and a thermometer
3. COnly a spare oxygen mask, since the tube rarely causes problems
4. DA nasogastric tube and a feeding pump

A peripheral cannula site is red, warm, tender and swollen along the vein. What should the nurse do?

1. ARemove the cannula, document and monitor the site
2. BFlush the cannula hard to clear it
3. CLeave it in place, as this is normal after 24 hours
4. DCover the site and keep using it until it blocks

A patient is going home with a 24-hour Holter monitor. Which instruction is most important?

1. AKeep a diary of symptoms and activities with the times
2. BRemove the monitor whenever symptoms occur and restart it
3. CStay in bed for the full 24 hours so the trace is clear
4. DShower as normal with the monitor on

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is due to start an anti-TNF biologic drug. Which screening is essential beforehand?

1. AScreening for latent tuberculosis
2. BA peak flow diary for a month
3. CA sweat chloride test
4. DAn exercise ECG test on a treadmill

After a car crash, a patient is severely breathless with absent breath sounds on the right, a deviated trachea, distended neck veins and BP 76/40 mmHg. What is the immediate management?

1. AInsertion of a urinary catheter to monitor output
2. BA chest X-ray to confirm the diagnosis before any treatment
3. CLying the patient flat with the legs raised
4. DUrgent needle or finger decompression of the right chest