Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: cardiovasculair en respiratoir met antwoorden

Which sound is typical of a pleural friction rub?

1. AA high-pitched musical sound on expiration
2. BFine bubbling sounds that clear with coughing
3. CA harsh sound on breathing in from the throat
4. DA creaking, grating sound with each breath

Which of these is a modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease?

1. AOlder age
2. BFamily history
3. CSmoking
4. DMale sex

Welk ademgeluid is typisch voor vernauwde kleine luchtwegen bij astma?

1. AStridor die vooral bij inademing te horen is
2. BPiepen, meestal luider bij uitademing
3. CGrove crepitaties die na hoesten verdwijnen
4. DPleurawrijving bij diepe ademhaling

A patient is starting doxazosin, an alpha-blocker, for hypertension. Which advice is most important?

1. AAvoid all potassium-containing foods
2. BTake the first dose at bedtime, as dizziness and fainting can occur
3. CTake it with a large glass of grapefruit juice to improve absorption
4. DStop it suddenly if the heart rate rises after the first few doses

A patient with heart failure starts dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor. Which teaching is most relevant?

1. AKeep the genital area clean, as fungal infections are more common
2. BAvoid drinking any fluids at all for the first week of treatment
3. CTake an extra dose if the ankles swell
4. DExpect the urine to turn bright orange and stain underwear and clothes

Een patiënt heeft centrale pijn op de borst en een STEMI op het ECG. Wat vraagt dit meestal?

1. ASpoedreperfusie, bij voorkeur door primaire PCI
2. BOpname en een herhaald ECG de volgende ochtend
3. CEen troponine-uitslag voordat een behandelbeslissing wordt genomen
4. DEen orale bètablokker en ontslag als de pijn afneemt

A nurse teaches a patient how to measure blood pressure at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will rest quietly for five minutes before measuring."
2. B"I will take two readings and write them both down."
3. C"I will measure it straight after my morning jog."
4. D"I will sit with my back supported and my arm at heart level."

After an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting that responded to adrenaline (epinephrine), a patient asks to go home immediately. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AStay in hospital for at least two weeks on daily intravenous antihistamines
2. BStay for observation, then go home with an adrenaline auto-injector and teaching
3. CGo home and take antihistamines only if the throat swells
4. DGo home straight away, because anaphylaxis never recurs once adrenaline has worked