Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: cardiovasculair en respiratoir met antwoorden
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Naam: ____________________ Datum: ____________
1.Makkelijk
What is the role of cilia in the airways?
AThey contract to narrow the airways and keep out particles of dust
BThey move mucus and trapped particles up towards the throat
CThey exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood
DThey make surfactant to keep the small alveoli open
2.Makkelijk
Which group of symptoms suggests obstructive sleep apnoea?
ALoud snoring, pauses in breathing and daytime sleepiness
BFever, cough and rust-coloured sputum
CWheeze, cough and itchy eyes that come on after exercise
DNight sweats, weight loss and a cough lasting several weeks
3.Makkelijk
Which organism causes tuberculosis?
APseudomonas aeruginosa
BMycobacterium tuberculosis
CCorynebacterium diphtheriae
DStaphylococcus aureus
4.Gemiddeld
Which energy-conservation advice is most useful for a patient with severe COPD?
AAvoid any activity at all, staying in a chair to save their energy
BSit down for tasks such as washing and dressing, and pace activities
CDo all the household tasks quickly in the morning to get them done
DHold the breath while lifting heavy objects
5.Gemiddeld
Een patiënt met supraventriculaire tachycardie krijgt intraveneus adenosine. Waarvoor moet de verpleegkundige waarschuwen?
AKortdurend blozen of een beklemmend gevoel op de borst en een pauze van enkele seconden
BHoofdpijn die daarna enkele dagen aanhoudt
CEnkele uren slaperigheid, onduidelijke spraak en verwardheid daarna
DEen brandende pijn langs de armader gedurende ongeveer een week
6.Gemiddeld
What is the purpose of a mucolytic such as carbocisteine in chronic productive cough?
ATo stop the patient coughing completely, day and night
BTo kill bacteria in the airways
CTo make sputum thinner and easier to cough up
DTo widen the airways within minutes
7.Moeilijk
A patient with COPD who is known to retain CO₂ arrives on 15 L/min oxygen. They are now drowsy with SpO₂ 99%. What is the most appropriate action?
AGive a sedative to help the patient rest
BKeep the oxygen at 15 L/min because the saturation is excellent
CReduce the oxygen to aim for 88–92% and get a blood gas
DRemove the oxygen completely and observe
8.Moeilijk
A 70-year-old man has a small abdominal aortic aneurysm found on screening and is placed under surveillance. Which advice is most important?
AStop smoking, control BP and seek help at once for sudden back pain
BAvoid all exercise and lifting for the rest of his life to protect the aorta
CHave the aneurysm repaired immediately, whatever its size or growth rate
DStop all blood pressure medicines to avoid low pressure
Antwoordenblad
1. B · They move mucus and trapped particles up towards the throat
2. A · Loud snoring, pauses in breathing and daytime sleepiness
3. B · Mycobacterium tuberculosis
4. B · Sit down for tasks such as washing and dressing, and pace activities
5. A · Kortdurend blozen of een beklemmend gevoel op de borst en een pauze van enkele seconden
6. C · To make sputum thinner and easier to cough up
7. C · Reduce the oxygen to aim for 88–92% and get a blood gas
8. A · Stop smoking, control BP and seek help at once for sudden back pain
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