Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: cardiovasculair en respiratoir met antwoorden

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Naam: ____________________   Datum: ____________

1.Makkelijk

When do the coronary arteries of the left ventricle mainly fill with blood?

  1. ADuring systole
  2. BOnly during exercise
  3. COnly during inspiration
  4. DDuring diastole
2.Makkelijk

Which side effect is typical of an inhaled long-acting antimuscarinic such as tiotropium?

  1. AWeight gain
  2. BDiarrhoea
  3. CDry mouth
  4. DOral thrush
3.Makkelijk

In pericarditis, which structure is inflamed?

  1. AThe heart muscle itself
  2. BThe coronary arteries
  3. CThe inner lining of the heart chambers
  4. DThe sac that surrounds the heart
4.Gemiddeld

Unless fluids are restricted, why are patients with pneumonia encouraged to drink plenty?

  1. ATo lower the temperature by diluting the blood plasma
  2. BTo make the cough completely stop
  3. CTo flush the bacteria out through the urine
  4. DTo prevent dehydration and keep secretions thinner
5.Gemiddeld

Wat betekent een verhoogde D-dimeeruitslag?

  1. AEen diepe veneuze trombose is veilig uitgesloten
  2. BEen longembolie of DVT is bevestigd
  3. CEr is afbraak van fibrine, maar het bewijst geen stolsel
  4. DDe dosis antistollingsmiddel is te laag en moet omhoog
6.Gemiddeld

A 70 kg patient has passed 20 mL of urine per hour for the last three hours. How should this be interpreted?

  1. ANormal, because the target is 0,1 mL/kg/h
  2. BHigh, suggesting fluid overload that needs a diuretic
  3. CBelow 0,5 mL/kg/h, suggesting poor kidney perfusion
  4. DNormal, because any measurable urine output is reassuring
7.Moeilijk

A patient with a valid, documented do-not-attempt-CPR decision (DNACPR in the UK, DNR or DNAR in the US) is found in cardiac arrest. What should the nurse do?

  1. ACall the arrest team and let them decide whether to resuscitate
  2. BNot start CPR, call for support, and provide dignity and comfort
  3. CStart full CPR because the patient's family is not present
  4. DStart CPR but use only chest compressions
8.Moeilijk

A patient with severe aortic stenosis is prescribed glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) for chest pain. Why should the nurse use particular caution?

  1. AThere is no reason for caution, because GTN acts only on the coronary arteries
  2. BGTN makes the narrowed aortic valve tighten further within a few minutes
  3. CGTN raises the blood pressure dangerously in aortic stenosis
  4. DVasodilators can cause a severe fall in BP with a fixed outflow obstruction

Antwoordenblad

  1. 1. D · During diastole
  2. 2. C · Dry mouth
  3. 3. D · The sac that surrounds the heart
  4. 4. D · To prevent dehydration and keep secretions thinner
  5. 5. C · Er is afbraak van fibrine, maar het bewijst geen stolsel
  6. 6. C · Below 0,5 mL/kg/h, suggesting poor kidney perfusion
  7. 7. B · Not start CPR, call for support, and provide dignity and comfort
  8. 8. D · Vasodilators can cause a severe fall in BP with a fixed outflow obstruction

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