Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: maag-darmstelsel, perioperatief en oncologie met antwoorden

Which finding is typical of a perforated peptic ulcer?

1. ASudden severe abdominal pain with a rigid, board-like abdomen
2. BSlow onset of mild pain relieved fully by eating
3. CA soft, non-tender abdomen with loud, frequent bowel sounds
4. DPainless bright red bleeding from the rectum over several days

What is an ERCP?

1. AA blood test that measures pancreatic enzymes
2. BA CT scan of the abdomen without contrast
3. CAn open operation to remove the gallbladder
4. DAn endoscopic test to view and treat the bile and pancreatic ducts

Which measure helps prevent burn scar contractures?

1. AKeeping the joint bent in the most comfortable position
2. BApplying ice packs to the scar every day
3. CPositioning, splinting and regular stretching exercises
4. DAvoiding all movement until the wound has healed

Why are laxatives and enemas avoided when appendicitis is suspected?

1. AThey may increase the risk of perforation
2. BThey stop antibiotics from being absorbed
3. CThey make the blood tests impossible to read
4. DThey always cause the appendix to bleed heavily

Why are patients with diabetes often placed early on the operating list?

1. ABecause their wounds heal faster in the morning
2. BBecause their surgery always takes longer than others
3. CBecause they need to go home before midday
4. DTo shorten fasting and reduce swings in blood glucose

Why is IV albumin often given after a large-volume paracentesis?

1. ATo raise the blood glucose after the procedure
2. BTo replace the clotting factors and platelets lost in the drained fluid
3. CTo treat infection in the ascitic fluid
4. DTo prevent low blood pressure and kidney injury from fluid shifts

Een patiënt met cirrose en ascites krijgt nieuwe koorts, drukpijn in de buik en toenemende verwardheid. Aan welke complicatie moet worden gedacht?

1. ANormaal verloop van ascites
2. BSpontane bacteriële peritonitis
3. CEenvoudige obstipatie
4. DAcute pancreatitis

A patient with facial burns from a house fire was talking normally on arrival. Two hours later, the voice is hoarse and there is stridor. What should the nurse do?

1. ALay the patient flat to help them sleep
2. BCall for urgent anaesthetic help, as the airway is swelling
3. CEncourage the patient to rest the voice and reassess tomorrow
4. DGive a warm drink to soothe the throat