Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: maag-darmstelsel, perioperatief en oncologie met antwoorden

Which sign suggests acute cholecystitis?

1. APain that stops a deep breath when the right upper abdomen is pressed
2. BBruising around the umbilicus and over both flanks of the abdomen
3. CPain in the left lower abdomen when the right side is pressed
4. DA flapping tremor of the hands when the arms are held out

Which signs suggest a surgical site infection?

1. AIncreasing pain, redness, swelling, heat and pus
2. BA dry wound edge with a thin scab
3. CMild bruising around the wound that is fading a little each day
4. DMild itching as the wound heals

Why are pressure areas padded when a patient is positioned for surgery?

1. ATo make the operating table look tidy
2. BTo warm the patient during the procedure
3. CTo prevent pressure injury and nerve damage
4. DTo keep the patient from moving during the operation

Why do patients with major burns lose so much fluid in the first 24–48 hours?

1. AThe burned skin absorbs fluid from the air
2. BThe kidneys stop making urine completely
3. CPatients drink far too little in hospital in the first days
4. DLeaky capillaries let plasma move into the tissues

Welke aanpak van transfusie van rode bloedcellen bij een stabiele patiënt met een maag-darmbloeding past bij het huidige bewijs?

1. ANooit transfunderen, ongeacht het hemoglobine of de klachten
2. BRoutinematig twee eenheden transfunderen vóór elke endoscopie
3. CEen restrictieve drempel, vaak rond 70 g/L, bij de meeste stabiele patiënten
4. DIedereen transfunderen om het hemoglobine altijd boven 150 g/L te houden

A patient is starting regular oral morphine. Which bowel advice is most appropriate?

1. AWait until there has been no stool for a week
2. BTake a bulk-forming laxative only with very little water
3. CStop eating fibre completely
4. DStart a regular laxative at the same time

A patient with small cell lung cancer is confused and drowsy. Sodium is 118 mmol/L and the urine is highly concentrated. Which complication is likely?

1. AHypercalcaemia of malignancy
2. BSIADH
3. CDiabetes insipidus
4. DTumour lysis syndrome

After surgery, a patient keeps asking for analgesia before it is due, watches the clock and rates pain 8/10. What is the most appropriate interpretation?

1. AThe patient is addicted and should have analgesia withheld
2. BPain may be undertreated; reassess and ask for a review of the plan
3. CThe patient needs only distraction and no change in drugs
4. DThe patient is exaggerating, so the pain scores should be ignored for now