Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: maag-darmstelsel, perioperatief en oncologie met antwoorden

How does the pain of acute appendicitis typically progress?

1. AIt starts around the umbilicus, then moves to the right lower abdomen
2. BIt starts in the right shoulder, then moves to the chest
3. CIt starts in the left lower abdomen, then spreads to the back
4. DIt stays in the upper abdomen and eases after meals

Waarom ontstaat geelzucht bij leverziekte?

1. ADe lever maakt in één keer te veel rode bloedcellen aan
2. BDe nieren maken te veel ureum voor het lichaam
3. CGeel pigment uit voeding wordt in de huid opgeslagen
4. DBilirubine hoopt zich op omdat de lever het niet kan klaren

What does the ASA physical status classification describe?

1. AThe exact length of the planned operation
2. BThe patient's pain score after surgery
3. CThe type of anaesthetic drug the surgeon prefers
4. DThe patient's general health before anaesthesia

Why does a patient need lifelong vitamin B₁₂ injections after total gastrectomy?

1. AThe liver can no longer store any vitamins
2. BVitamin B₁₂ is lost in the urine after the surgery
3. CThe small bowel stops absorbing all nutrients
4. DIntrinsic factor from the stomach is no longer made

What is the main treatment for a venous leg ulcer with an adequate arterial supply?

1. ASurgery to amputate the limb
2. BStrong oral antibiotics for all ulcers
3. CKeeping the leg hanging down all day
4. DCompression therapy

Hoe groot moet de opening van een stomamateriaal worden uitgeknipt?

1. AIets kleiner dan het stoma voor een strakke afdichting
2. BOngeveer 2–3 mm groter dan het stoma rondom
3. COngeveer 2 cm groter dan het stoma rondom
4. DElke maat, zolang het stoma maar bedekt is

On day 5 after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes breathless, with sharp chest pain on breathing in, a pulse of 120/min and SpO₂ 89%. What should the nurse suspect and do first?

1. AAnxiety; give reassurance and repeat the observations in an hour's time
2. BPulmonary embolism; sit up, give oxygen and call for urgent help
3. CSimple atelectasis; encourage walking around the ward
4. DWound infection; take a wound swab and wait for results

A patient with lung cancer becomes hypotensive and breathless, with distended neck veins and quiet heart sounds. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ACardiac tamponade from a pericardial effusion
2. BA side effect of anti-sickness drugs
3. CSuperior vena cava obstruction from the tumour
4. DHypercalcaemia of malignancy from bone metastases