Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: maag-darmstelsel, perioperatief en oncologie met antwoorden

Hoe verschilt de output van een ileostoma meestal van die van een sigmoïdstoma (colostoma)?

1. ABeide produceren alleen gas en slijm
2. BIleostoma-output is gevormd; colostoma-output is vloeibaar
3. CIleostoma-output is vloeibaar; colostoma-output is gevormd
4. DBeide produceren eenmaal per dag gevormde ontlasting

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one
2. BThe patient is fully alert and anxious
3. CThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch
4. DThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe

Which skin care advice is usual during external beam radiotherapy?

1. AUse perfumed lotions to keep the skin soft
2. BApply a hot water bottle to soothe the area
3. CScrub the treated area daily to remove the skin marks
4. DWash gently with lukewarm water and pat dry

Why is the Lund and Browder chart preferred to the rule of nines for children?

1. AIt is used only for burns of the hands
2. BIt adjusts for body proportions that change with age
3. CIt counts superficial burns as well
4. DIt is faster to use than any other method of estimation

Which statement about corticosteroids in inflammatory bowel disease is correct?

1. AThey cure the disease after one course
2. BThey are the best long-term maintenance treatment
3. CThey are given only as a one-off injection
4. DThey are used to induce remission, not for maintenance

What are anticipatory ("just in case") medicines at the end of life usually prescribed for?

1. AHigh blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes
2. BPain, nausea, agitation and respiratory secretions
3. CInfection prevention and vaccination
4. DWeight gain and appetite stimulation

A patient is splashed in the eye with an alkaline cleaning product. What is the first action?

1. AAsk the patient to rub the eye to clear it
2. BIrrigate the eye at once with large volumes of water or saline
3. CCover the eye with a pad and wait for a doctor to examine it first
4. DAdd a few drops of vinegar to neutralise it

A patient with a severe flare of ulcerative colitis develops abdominal distension, fever and tachycardia, and the stool frequency has dropped. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AThe flare is getting better
2. BToxic megacolon
3. CSimple constipation from low intake
4. DHaemorrhoids caused by diarrhoea