Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: neurologie, endocrinologie en nieren met antwoorden

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis typically follows which event?

1. AA kidney stone passed the week before
2. BA long course of antibiotics for pneumonia
3. CA throat or skin infection a few weeks earlier
4. DAn episode of bloody diarrhoea from food poisoning

Which side effect is linked to SGLT2 inhibitors such as dapagliflozin?

1. AHair loss
2. BGenital fungal infections
3. COrange urine
4. DOvergrowth of the gums

Which group of features defines nephrotic syndrome?

1. ABlood in the urine, high BP and low urine output
2. BPainful urination, fever and frequency
3. CHeavy proteinuria, low albumin and oedema
4. DSevere loin pain that spreads to the groin

Why can a patient with an insulin pump develop DKA within hours if the pump stops working?

1. AThe pump gives only rapid-acting insulin, so there is no long-acting reserve
2. BThe battery in the pump releases chemicals into the blood
3. CThe body becomes allergic to insulin when the pump stops
4. DThe pump gives long-acting insulin, which builds up and stops working all at once

What is the main purpose of continuous bladder irrigation after a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)?

1. ATo stop blood clots from blocking the catheter
2. BTo measure the size of the bladder
3. CTo give the patient extra fluids
4. DTo treat a urinary infection after the operation

A patient with gout has recurrent uric acid kidney stones. Which treatment helps prevent them?

1. AAllopurinol and making the urine less acidic
2. BVitamin C supplements and a high-meat diet
3. CCalcium tablets and a low-fluid diet
4. DRestricting fluids in the evening only

During a water deprivation test for suspected diabetes insipidus, the patient loses more than 3% of body weight and becomes hypotensive. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the patient a large drink and then restart the test
2. BGive desmopressin without a prescription
3. CStop the test and inform the doctor
4. DContinue the test, because this result is expected

A nurse teaches a carer to give buccal midazolam for prolonged seizures. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will call an ambulance if the care plan tells me to."
2. B"I will put something between his teeth so he does not bite his tongue."
3. C"I will write down the time the seizure started and the time I gave the dose."
4. D"I will give it into the space between his gum and cheek."