Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: neurologie, endocrinologie en nieren met antwoorden

Which features suggest pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?

1. AUrine that smells slightly stronger
2. BPassing urine more often at night only
3. CMild burning on passing urine only
4. DFever, rigors and pain in the loin

Which group of features defines nephrotic syndrome?

1. AHeavy proteinuria, low albumin and oedema
2. BBlood in the urine, high BP and low urine output
3. CPainful urination, fever and frequency
4. DSevere loin pain that spreads to the groin

How is the headache of a subarachnoid haemorrhage typically described?

1. AA tight band around the head that comes and goes
2. BOne-sided and throbbing, with an aura beforehand
3. CSudden and severe, reaching its peak within about a minute
4. DSlowly worsening over several weeks, worst in the morning

Which picture fits Brown-Séquard syndrome?

1. ALoss of all feeling but normal movement on both sides
2. BParalysis of both legs, with normal sensation everywhere in the body
3. CWeakness of both arms with normal strength in the legs
4. DWeakness on the same side and loss of pain on the opposite side

A patient has acute glomerulonephritis with oedema and high blood pressure. Which nursing care is most appropriate?

1. AEncourage a high-salt diet to balance the fluids
2. BMonitor BP, fluid balance and daily weight
3. CGive large amounts of IV fluid
4. DCheck the weight once a week

An 82-year-old taking apixaban fell three weeks ago. Since then their family has noticed increasing confusion and headaches. Which condition is most likely?

1. AChronic subdural haematoma
2. BAcute extradural haematoma
3. CSubarachnoid haemorrhage from an aneurysm
4. DNormal ageing with mild memory loss

A patient has frothy urine and marked leg swelling. Serum albumin is 18 g/L (1,8 g/dL), and BP is normal. The urine shows heavy protein but little blood. What is most likely?

1. ANephrotic syndrome
2. BA urethral stricture
3. CNephritic syndrome
4. DAcute pyelonephritis

Na een operatie heeft een patiënt met de ziekte van Graves een temperatuur van 39,8 °C, een hartfrequentie van 160/min, agitatie en braken. Welke combinatie van behandelingen is het meest geschikt?

1. AAspirine voor de koorts en een controle bij de huisarts binnen een week
2. BLevothyroxine en warme dekens om het rillen te verminderen
3. CKoelen, een bètablokker, een antithyreoïdmiddel, daarna jodium en steroïden
4. DVochtbeperking en een lisdiureticum om de tachycardie te behandelen