Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: neurologie, endocrinologie en nieren met antwoorden

In peritoneal dialysis, what acts as the dialysis membrane?

1. AThe wall of the bladder
2. BThe lining of the abdominal cavity
3. CA filter in a machine outside the body
4. DThe lining of the stomach

Een patiënt heeft een beroerte in de linkerhelft van de hersenen. Waar zal de zwakte het waarschijnlijkst optreden?

1. AAan de linkerkant van het lichaam
2. BIn beide benen maar niet in de armen
3. CAlleen in de linkerkant van het gezicht
4. DAan de rechterkant van het lichaam

Welke hoofdpositie wordt meestal gebruikt bij een patiënt met verhoogde intracraniële druk?

1. AHet hoofd lager dan het lichaam (Trendelenburg)
2. BHet hoofd ongeveer 30° omhoog, met de nek recht
3. CPlat liggen, met het hoofd ver naar één kant gedraaid
4. DRechtop zitten, met de nek naar voren gebogen

Which finding most suggests fluid overload in a patient with chronic kidney disease?

1. ADark yellow urine and thirst
2. BA weight gain of 2 kg (4,4 lb) in two days with ankle swelling
3. CA dry mouth and a low blood pressure when standing
4. DA weight loss of 1 kg (2,2 lb) after a hot day

Which side effects are common with oxybutynin for an overactive bladder?

1. AWeight loss and a fast tremor
2. BDiarrhoea and heavy sweating
3. CA cough and a raised potassium
4. DDry mouth and constipation

A patient with migraine takes painkillers or triptans on most days and now has a headache almost every day. What is the likely problem?

1. ANormal progress of migraine
2. BAn allergy to the painkillers
3. CMedication overuse headache
4. DA brain tumour, which is almost certain

A patient with an insulin pump is admitted with nausea, a glucose of 19 mmol/L (342 mg/dL) and blood ketones of 3,1 mmol/L. What is the priority?

1. AIncrease the pump rate and recheck the ketones in 12 hours
2. BDisconnect the pump and give no insulin until the ketones clear
3. CGive an antiemetic only, because nausea is causing the high glucose
4. DSuspect failed insulin delivery and give insulin by another route

A patient with Guillain–Barré syndrome has a blood pressure that swings between 80/50 and 190/100 mmHg and a heart rate that changes suddenly. What does this suggest?

1. AA drug reaction that means all medicines must stop
2. BA faulty blood pressure cuff that should be replaced and the readings ignored
3. CAutonomic dysfunction, which needs continuous cardiac monitoring
4. DAnxiety that will settle with reassurance alone