Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: neurologie, endocrinologie en nieren met antwoorden

Which symptoms are typical of a prolactinoma in a woman?

1. AKidney stones, bone pain and constipation
2. BMilky nipple discharge and irregular periods
3. CVery dark skin creases and a craving for salt
4. DWeight loss with heat intolerance and a fine tremor

Which group of features is typical of Parkinson's disease?

1. AResting tremor, rigidity and slow movement
2. BIntention tremor, muscle wasting and twitching under the skin
3. CDrooping eyelids and double vision that get worse later in the day
4. DWeakness rising from the feet, with tingling and lost reflexes

Which three responses make up the Glasgow Coma Scale?

1. AOrientation to time, place and person, plus memory
2. BReflexes, muscle tone and sensation
3. CPupil size, pulse and blood pressure
4. DEye opening, verbal response and motor response

A patient is due a rapid-acting insulin dose before lunch, but the meal trays are delayed. What should the nurse do?

1. AOmit the dose entirely for the rest of the day
2. BGive the insulin with a glass of water instead
3. CWait to give the insulin until the meal arrives
4. DGive the insulin now and the meal when it comes

A patient has radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism. Which advice is correct?

1. ALimit close contact with children and pregnant women for a time
2. BThere are no precautions, because the dose is tiny
3. CStay in strict isolation in hospital for several months
4. DStart breastfeeding again the next day

A patient with myasthenia gravis wants to plan a busy day. Which advice fits the disease?

1. AAvoid rest periods, because rest makes the weakness worse
2. BExercise to exhaustion so the muscles get stronger quickly
3. CDo demanding tasks in the morning or when the drug works best
4. DDo the hardest tasks in the evening when muscles are warmed up

Een oudere patiënt met diabetes type 2 heeft glucose 48 mmol/L, osmolaliteit 365 mOsm/kg, geen significante ketonen en verwardheid. Wat is de eerste prioriteit?

1. AStrikte vochtbeperking om hersenoedeem te voorkomen
2. BVoorzichtig intraveneus vocht met nauwlettende controle van osmolaliteit, natrium en glucose
3. COrale glucose om hypoglykemie tijdens de behandeling te voorkomen
4. DEen grote intraveneuze insulinebolus om de glucose binnen een uur te normaliseren

A patient with a brain tumour on high-dose dexamethasone has a capillary glucose of 16 mmol/L (288 mg/dL). They have no history of diabetes. What is the best explanation?

1. ANormal for this patient, so no action is needed
2. BA sign that the brain tumour has now spread to the pancreas
3. CA lab error, because steroids lower blood glucose
4. DSteroid-induced hyperglycaemia, which needs monitoring and treatment