Werkblad Kinderverpleegkunde met antwoorden

Why are infants and young children more likely than adults to get middle ear infections (otitis media)?

1. ATheir Eustachian tubes are shorter, wider and more horizontal
2. BThey make more earwax, which traps bacteria in the middle ear
3. CTheir eardrums are thicker and cannot move with pressure changes
4. DTheir ear canals are longer and narrower than those of adults

What is the cause of Hirschsprung disease?

1. AOne part of the bowel telescoping into the next part
2. BMissing nerve (ganglion) cells in part of the bowel
3. CInflammation of the bowel lining after a viral infection
4. DThickening of the muscle at the outlet of the stomach

At about what age do most children start combining two words, such as "more milk"?

1. AAbout 12 months
2. BAbout 4 years
3. CAbout 2 years
4. DAbout 9 months

Which signs in a 2-day-old baby suggest sepsis?

1. AUnstable temperature, poor feeding, lethargy and breathing difficulty
2. BHiccups after feeds with a strong, lusty cry between feeds
3. CRegular feeding with six wet nappies a day
4. DSmall white spots on the nose and a pink face

Ten minutes into a blood transfusion, a child develops fever, chills and back pain. What should the nurse do first?

1. ASlow the transfusion and give paracetamol (acetaminophen)
2. BGive an antihistamine and continue
3. CFinish the unit quickly, then report it
4. DStop the transfusion

A child with type 1 diabetes has a stomach bug and is eating very little. What is the correct advice about insulin?

1. AStop all insulin until the child is eating normally again, then restart at the usual dose
2. BGive double the usual insulin to prevent ketones
3. CGive insulin only if the child is vomiting
4. DKeep giving insulin, check glucose and ketones more often and follow the sick-day plan

A healthy breastfed baby has lost 7% of her birth weight on day 3. What is the best interpretation?

1. AThis weight loss is only normal in formula-fed babies
2. BThis shows breastfeeding has failed, so formula should replace breast milk from now on
3. CThis is severe dehydration and needs immediate IV fluids
4. DThis is within the usual range; observe a feed and follow the weight

A child on chemotherapy for leukaemia was in close contact with a classmate who has chickenpox. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the live varicella vaccine to the child that same day to boost immunity
2. BWait to see whether a rash develops before acting
3. CTell the oncology team at once, as preventive treatment may be needed
4. DReassure the family, as chickenpox is mild in all children