Werkblad Farmacologie met antwoorden

Where should an adrenaline (epinephrine) auto-injector be given?

1. AInto a vein in the arm
2. BUnder the tongue
3. CInto the abdomen under the skin
4. DInto the outer thigh muscle

Why is folinic acid (leucovorin) given after high-dose methotrexate?

1. ATo prevent nausea and vomiting after the methotrexate
2. BTo protect normal cells from methotrexate toxicity
3. CTo treat an allergic reaction to methotrexate
4. DTo make methotrexate act faster on the tumour

Which effect is common and harmless with oral iron tablets?

1. ARed-coloured urine
2. BBlue tint to the lips
3. CDark or black stools
4. DYellow discoloration of the eyes

Bethanechol may be used for non-obstructive urinary retention. How does it work?

1. AIt blocks muscarinic receptors and relaxes the bladder wall muscle
2. BIt increases urine production in the kidney
3. CIt stimulates muscarinic receptors and contracts the bladder muscle
4. DIt shrinks the prostate gland

Apixaban en rivaroxaban zijn antistollingsmiddelen die rechtstreeks remmen:

1. AVitamine K-epoxidereductase
2. BDe P2Y12-receptor van bloedplaatjes
3. CFactor Xa
4. DTrombine

How can the absorption of oral iron be improved?

1. ATake it with a glass of milk
2. BTake it at the same time as an antacid to protect the stomach
3. CTake it with vitamin C, such as orange juice, on an empty stomach
4. DTake it with a cup of strong tea

A patient with heart failure starts taking naproxen regularly for back pain. Why is this a concern?

1. ANSAIDs block the absorption of furosemide completely
2. BNSAIDs cause salt and water retention and can worsen heart failure
3. CNSAIDs increase heart contractility too much
4. DNSAIDs lower potassium, which makes digoxin and diuretics fail

A toddler swallowed many of his mother's iron tablets. He has vomiting and bloody diarrhoea. Which drug may be used to bind iron?

1. ANaloxone
2. BDeferoxamine (desferrioxamine)
3. CAcetylcysteine
4. DActivated charcoal given by mouth