Priorytetyzacja i delegowanie w stylu NCLEX: zestaw na powtórkę

A conscious patient with hypoglycemia drank juice 15 minutes ago. The glucose is now 62 mg/dL (3,4 mmol/L). What should the nurse do next?

1. AWait another hour, because juice can take a long time to work
2. BGive another serving of fast-acting carbohydrate and recheck in 15 minutes
3. CRecord the result and recheck the glucose at the usual time before the evening meal
4. DGive the next scheduled dose of rapid-acting insulin with the meal

Before surgery, a nurse is asked to witness a patient’s consent. The patient was given a sedative 30 minutes ago. What should the nurse do?

1. AWitness it and write “sedated” beside the signature
2. BNot witness the consent and inform the surgeon
3. CWitness it quickly before the sedative takes full effect
4. DAsk a family member to sign on the patient’s behalf

A patient is receiving opioids for pain. Which sign usually comes before opioid-induced respiratory depression?

1. ADiarrhea
2. BDilated pupils
3. CIncreasing sedation
4. DRising blood pressure

An 82-year-old patient is prescribed diphenhydramine at bedtime for sleep. Why should the nurse raise this with the prescriber?

1. AIt is strongly anticholinergic and can cause confusion and falls in older adults
2. BIt is only available as an IV drug and cannot be given by mouth at bedtime
3. CIt is too weak to help an older person sleep
4. DIt raises blood pressure in most older adults

Which technique is recommended for a capillary blood glucose test on an adult's finger?

1. APrick the side of the fingertip
2. BPrick the center of the fingertip
3. CUse the same finger every time
4. DSqueeze the finger very hard

A patient with acute pancreatitis has a rising BUN, a falling calcium and a glucose of 250 mg/dL (13,9 mmol/L) over the first 48 hours. What do these results suggest?

1. AIncreasingly severe pancreatitis
2. BA lab error from lipemic samples
3. CA resolving, mild pancreatitis
4. DAn unrelated new kidney stone

A patient says they are "allergic" to codeine because it made them constipated. How should this be recorded?

1. AIt should not be recorded at all
2. BAs an allergy to all painkillers
3. CAs a side effect or intolerance, not a true allergy
4. DAs a severe anaphylactic allergy to all opioids

Why might a patient with diabetes who takes a beta-blocker not notice hypoglycaemia early?

1. ABeta-blockers stop the liver from responding to insulin
2. BBeta-blockers can mask warning signs such as tremor and a fast heart rate
3. CBeta-blockers make the patient sleep through the night
4. DBeta-blockers raise blood glucose, so true hypoglycaemia cannot happen at all

Dwa dni po zawale mięśnia sercowego u pacjenta pojawia się nagła duszność, rzężenia i nowy głośny szmer skurczowy. Jakiego powikłania należy podejrzewać?

1. AZatorowości płucnej spowodowanej długotrwałym leżeniem
2. BPęknięcia mięśnia brodawkowatego z ostrą niedomykalnością zastawki mitralnej
3. CPozawałowego zapalenia osierdzia z tarciem osierdziowym
4. DNowego epizodu stabilnej dławicy wywołanego stresem

After chest trauma, a patient is hypotensive with reduced breath sounds on the left. Which finding suggests a haemothorax rather than a tension pneumothorax?

1. ADullness to percussion on the affected side
2. BTrachea pushed away from the affected side
3. CDistended neck veins
4. DHyper-resonance on the affected side

Before a haemodialysis catheter is used, why is the lock solution withdrawn from each lumen?

1. AIt contains the patient's urine
2. BIt contains concentrated anticoagulant
3. CIt contains air that keeps the line open
4. DIt contains a strong antibiotic that must be kept

Which statement correctly distinguishes spinal shock from neurogenic shock?

1. ASpinal shock is low blood pressure; neurogenic shock is the loss of reflexes
2. BThey are two names for exactly the same condition
3. CNeurogenic shock is caused by blood loss; spinal shock is caused by infection
4. DSpinal shock is lost reflexes; neurogenic shock is low BP and slow pulse

Jaka grupa leków jest powszechnie stosowana do zmniejszenia kwasowości po endoskopowym leczeniu krwawiącego wrzodu trawiennego?

1. ABeta-blokery
2. BAntyhistaminiki H1, takie jak cetyryzyna
3. CInhibitory pompy protonowej
4. DDiuretyki pętlowe

A patient with a severe flare of ulcerative colitis develops abdominal distension, fever and tachycardia, and the stool frequency has dropped. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AThe flare is getting better
2. BToxic megacolon
3. CSimple constipation from low intake
4. DHaemorrhoids caused by diarrhoea