1.Ustalanie priorytetów i delegowanieŚredni
A nurse teaches a patient about storing insulin at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A“I will keep my spare insulin in the freezer so it lasts longer.”
- B“I will check the expiry date on the label before I use the vial.”
- C“I will not leave my insulin in a hot car.”
- D“I will keep unopened insulin in the fridge.”
2.Ustalanie priorytetów i delegowanieTrudny
A patient has a heart rate of 38/min, feels dizzy and has a blood pressure of 80/50 mmHg. Which drug is usually given first, as prescribed?
- ADigoxin
- BAtropine
- CMetoprolol
- DDiltiazem
3.Kontrola zakażeń i bezpieczeństwo pacjentaŚredni
Which technique is correct when collecting a wound culture?
- ASwab the old pus on the dressing that was just removed from the wound
- BClean the wound with sterile saline first, then swab clean tissue
- CUse one swab to sample two different wounds
- DCollect the sample only after antibiotics have been started
4.Kontrola zakażeń i bezpieczeństwo pacjentaTrudny
Why can a patient with severe neutropenia have a serious infection but little redness, swelling or pus?
- AChemotherapy kills the bacteria before they can multiply
- BAntibiotics given with chemotherapy hide all signs of infection
- CThere are too few neutrophils to produce the usual inflammatory signs
- DNeutropenia makes infections stay limited to the skin
5.Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolityŚredni
How often is the INR usually checked when warfarin is first started?
- AEvery hour, during the first week
- BOnce a year, at a routine visit
- COnly if bleeding occurs at home
- DEvery few days, until it is stable
6.Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolityTrudny
Four results arrive at the same time. Which patient should the nurse see first?
- AGlucose 48 mg/dL (2,7 mmol/L) in a patient who had insulin an hour ago
- BWhite cell count 12,0 × 10³/µL on the first day after surgery
- CINR 2,6 in a patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation
- DHemoglobin 10,4 g/dL (104 g/L) in a patient with stable chronic kidney disease
7.Pielęgniarstwo kliniczneŚredni
A patient on insulin reports nightmares, night sweats and morning headaches. What should be suspected?
- ARaised intracranial pressure
- BA urinary tract infection
- CNight-time hypoglycaemia
- DHyperthyroidism
8.Pielęgniarstwo kliniczneTrudny
A patient with several days of vomiting and diarrhoea has low blood pressure, low urine output and a rising creatinine. Which description fits best?
- APost-renal acute kidney injury from obstruction, treated with a catheter
- BChronic kidney disease, treated with long-term dialysis three times a week
- CIntrinsic kidney injury from glomerulonephritis, treated with high-dose steroids
- DPre-renal acute kidney injury from poor perfusion, treated by restoring fluid volume
9.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowyŚredni
Which ECG finding is typical of atrial flutter?
- AWide, bizarre QRS complexes at 180/min
- BP waves with no relationship to the QRS complexes
- CA chaotic baseline with no clear P waves and irregular QRS
- DRegular sawtooth flutter waves between QRS complexes
10.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowyTrudny
Pacjent z niewydolnością serca ma duszność w spoczynku, chłodne kończyny, ciśnienie skurczowe 80 mmHg i zmniejszającą się diurezę. Co to sugeruje?
- AWstrząs kardiogenny ze słabą perfuzją tkanek
- BŁagodne odwodnienie, które skoryguje się płynami doustnymi
- CLęk wywołujący reakcję wazowagalną
- DStabilną, dobrze wyrównaną przewlekłą niewydolność serca
11.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerkiŚredni
Który zestaw wyników najlepiej przemawia za DKA, a nie za HHS?
- APrawidłowe ketony i prawidłowe stężenie wodorowęglanów
- BGlikemia powyżej 30 mmol/L z prawidłowym pH
- CWysokie stężenie ketonów, pH poniżej 7,3 i niskie stężenie wodorowęglanów
- DBardzo wysoka osmolalność z jedynie śladowymi ilościami ketonów we krwi
12.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerkiTrudny
A patient on warfarin starts levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What should the nurse expect to monitor more closely?
- AThe INR, because it may rise
- BThe potassium, because it may rise
- CThe blood glucose, because it may fall
- DThe urine output, because it may stop
13.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologiaŚredni
Which statement correctly describes physical dependence on opioids?
- AThe patient is allergic to opioids
- BThe drug no longer has any side effects
- CWithdrawal occurs if the drug is stopped suddenly
- DThe patient always craves the drug and misuses it despite harm
14.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologiaTrudny
A nurse teaches a patient after a laparoscopic fundoplication for reflux. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I should eat smaller meals for a while after the operation."
- B"Fizzy drinks will help me bring up wind after meals."
- C"I'll eat soft, moist food at first and chew it well."
- D"Some difficulty swallowing can happen in the early weeks."