1.Ustalanie priorytetów i delegowanieŚredni
Which patient is at the highest risk of falling?
- AA 60-year-old admitted for chest pain that has since been ruled out by tests
- BAn 84-year-old taking a diuretic who has fallen before and gets up at night
- CA 30-year-old after an appendectomy who walks with steady steps
- DA 45-year-old with asthma who is alert and independent
2.Ustalanie priorytetów i delegowanieTrudny
Które zadanie RN najodpowiedniej wykonuje osobiście, zamiast delegować asystentowi pielęgniarskiemu?
- ASpacer ze stabilnym pacjentem po korytarzu w trzeciej dobie po operacji
- BPierwsze wstawanie pacjenta z łóżka po operacji
- CPomoc pacjentowi w higienie jamy ustnej
- DCodzienne ważenie pacjenta z niewydolnością serca
3.Kontrola zakażeń i bezpieczeństwo pacjentaŚredni
An older adult has trouble getting in and out of the bath. Which measures make bathing safer?
- AA loose rug beside the tub to stand on
- BA shower chair, grab bars and a non-slip mat
- CBath oil to help the person slide in and out
- DLocking the bathroom door for privacy
4.Kontrola zakażeń i bezpieczeństwo pacjentaTrudny
Przytomnemu pacjentowi zagrożonemu zakrztuszeniem podaje się leki doustne. Które postępowanie jest najbezpieczniejsze?
- ARozkruszyć wszystkie tabletki bez sprawdzenia, czy jest to dozwolone
- BPosadzić pacjenta w pozycji wyprostowanej i podawać po jednej tabletce
- CPołożyć pacjenta płasko na plecach, aby ułatwić połykanie
- DPodać wszystkie tabletki naraz, aby zaoszczędzić czas
5.Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolityŚredni
A blood sample drawn just after a patient ate a fatty meal is reported as "lipemic." What does this mean for the results?
- AThe sample was contaminated by an IV fluid with dextrose
- BHigh fat in the sample may interfere with some test results
- CThe sample shows the patient has diabetic ketoacidosis
- DThe results are more accurate than in a fasting sample
6.Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolityTrudny
A patient with cirrhosis and ascites has fever and abdominal tenderness. The ascitic fluid neutrophil count is 400 cells/mm³. What does this indicate?
- AMalignant ascites from cancer
- BSpontaneous bacterial peritonitis
- CNormal ascitic fluid in cirrhosis
- DBleeding into the abdominal cavity
7.Pielęgniarstwo kliniczneŚredni
A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices the drained fluid has become cloudy and has abdominal pain. What is likely?
- ANormal dialysis fluid
- BA urinary tract infection
- CConstipation
- DPeritonitis
8.Pielęgniarstwo kliniczneTrudny
Która zmiana w EKG jest klasycznie związana z ciężką hiperkaliemią?
- AWysokie, spiczaste załamki T
- BTylko obniżenie odcinka ST
- CWyraźne załamki U
- DSkrócony odstęp PR
9.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowyŚredni
A woman had lymph nodes removed from her left armpit for breast cancer. Which advice helps reduce the risk of lymphoedema?
- AKeep the left arm hanging down and as still as possible all day
- BAvoid BP cuffs and injections on the left arm where possible
- CApply tight jewellery to the left wrist
- DUse only the left arm for heavy lifting to build up its muscles
10.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowyTrudny
A patient with COPD who is known to retain CO₂ arrives on 15 L/min oxygen. They are now drowsy with SpO₂ 99%. What is the most appropriate action?
- AKeep the oxygen at 15 L/min because the saturation is excellent
- BReduce the oxygen to aim for 88–92% and get a blood gas
- CRemove the oxygen completely and observe
- DGive a sedative to help the patient rest
11.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerkiŚredni
Why should antiepileptic drugs not be stopped suddenly?
- ASudden withdrawal can trigger seizures, including status epilepticus
- BStopping them suddenly causes permanent damage to the liver and kidneys
- CThe drugs build up in the body and become toxic after stopping
- DStopping them suddenly causes a dangerous rise in blood pressure
12.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerkiTrudny
A day after a total thyroidectomy, a patient has tingling lips, a positive Chvostek's sign and a corrected calcium of 1,85 mmol/L (about 7,4 mg/dL). What does the nurse expect?
- AA loop diuretic to remove the extra calcium
- BIV potassium chloride and a fluid restriction
- COral levothyroxine, with a recheck of the calcium in a month
- DIV calcium gluconate and monitoring for laryngospasm
13.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologiaŚredni
Why is it important to prevent perioperative hypothermia?
- AIt makes patients wake up from the anaesthetic too quickly
- BIt increases bleeding, wound infection and heart complications
- CIt lowers the risk of pain after surgery
- DIt reduces the amount of anaesthetic needed, which is unsafe
14.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologiaTrudny
On day 3 after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has abdominal pain, fever and mild jaundice, and green fluid is draining from the drain. What is most likely?
- AUrinary retention
- BNormal post-operative drainage
- CA wound haematoma
- DA bile leak