1.Ustalanie priorytetów i delegowanieŚredni
A nurse needs to give report on a patient to a colleague. Which information is the most important to include?
- AThe patient’s favorite television programs and hobbies
- BPersonal opinions about the patient’s family members and their visiting habits
- CDetails of the nurse’s own break times that shift
- DThe patient’s current condition, recent changes and pending tasks
2.Ustalanie priorytetów i delegowanieTrudny
A patient with raised intracranial pressure is being nursed on the ward. Which position is best?
- AHead of the bed at about 30 degrees with the neck straight
- BSitting forward with the chin on the chest
- CHead down with the legs raised above the heart
- DFlat on the back with the head turned well over to one side
3.Kontrola zakażeń i bezpieczeństwo pacjentaŚredni
In the US (EPA/OSHA) hazmat system, which level of PPE gives the highest level of protection?
- ALevel D
- BLevel A
- CLevel B
- DLevel C
4.Kontrola zakażeń i bezpieczeństwo pacjentaTrudny
A child with fever, cough, red eyes and a spreading rash is in a clinic waiting room. Measles is suspected. What should the nurse do first?
- AGive the child an antipyretic and continue triage
- BAsk the family to wait in the main waiting room until the child is called in
- CSend the child home to rest without an assessment
- DPut a mask on the child and move them into an airborne isolation room
5.Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolityŚredni
A patient taking empagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) has glucose in the urine but a normal blood glucose. What is the best interpretation?
- AAn expected effect of the drug
- BUncontrolled diabetes needing insulin
- CA sign of kidney failure
- DA urinary tract infection
6.Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolityTrudny
A patient in hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state has a glucose of 1,050 mg/dL (58 mmol/L), very dry mucous membranes and a fast pulse. Which treatment is usually the first priority?
- AStrict fluid restriction
- BLarge-volume IV fluid replacement
- COral glucose-lowering tablets
- DAn IV bolus of sodium bicarbonate
7.Pielęgniarstwo kliniczneŚredni
A patient is receiving enteral feeding through a nasogastric tube. How should they be positioned during feeding?
- ALying on the left side with the head down to help the feed drain
- BIn any position, as long as the feed runs slowly
- CWith the head of the bed raised to at least 30 degrees
- DLying completely flat
8.Pielęgniarstwo kliniczneTrudny
A potassium result of 6,9 mmol/L comes back on a well patient with a normal ECG, and the laboratory reports that the sample was haemolysed. What is the best action?
- ARepeat the blood test promptly, as haemolysis can falsely raise potassium
- BGive IV insulin and glucose straight away
- CIgnore the result because the patient looks well and the ECG is normal
- DStart a potassium supplement
9.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowyŚredni
Analysis of a pleural effusion shows it is an exudate (high protein and LDH compared with blood). Which cause is most likely?
- APneumonia or cancer affecting the pleura
- BNephrotic syndrome with protein lost in urine
- CLiver cirrhosis with a low albumin
- DHeart failure with raised venous pressure
10.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowyTrudny
A patient with end-stage COPD has severe breathlessness at rest despite optimal treatment and wants comfort-focused care. Which measure is recognised to help?
- AA low-dose opioid with a hand-held fan and calm positioning
- BHigh-flow oxygen at 15 L/min whatever the oxygen saturation is
- CEncouraging long walks to build fitness
- DStopping all medicines, including inhalers
11.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerkiŚredni
Which action is part of an effective bowel programme after a spinal cord injury?
- ARestricting fluids to reduce the volume of stool
- BAvoiding fibre to prevent bloating
- CA routine at the same time each day, often after a meal
- DUsing strong laxatives only when the bowel has not opened for a week
12.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerkiTrudny
A patient with a brain injury has a mean arterial pressure of 80 mmHg and an ICP of 25 mmHg. How should the nurse interpret this?
- AThe ICP cannot affect brain perfusion if the blood pressure is normal
- BThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 80 mmHg, which is normal
- CThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 55 mmHg, below the usual target
- DThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 105 mmHg, which is too high
13.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologiaŚredni
Which advice helps prevent dumping syndrome after gastrectomy?
- ASmall, frequent meals low in simple sugars, with fluids between meals
- BA high-sugar diet with fruit juice to keep energy levels up
- CThree large meals a day with plenty of sweet drinks with each meal
- DSit upright and walk briskly straight after every meal
14.Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologiaTrudny
A nurse teaches a patient going home between chemotherapy cycles. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I'll check my temperature whenever I feel hot, shivery or unwell."
- B"I'll keep the emergency number and call if I feel shivery."
- C"I'll wash my hands often and avoid people with infections."
- D"If I get a fever, I'll take paracetamol and see if it settles."