Priorytetyzacja i delegowanie w stylu NCLEX: zestaw na powtórkę

A nurse teaches a patient about storing insulin at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I will not leave my insulin in a hot car.”
2. B“I will check the expiry date on the label before I use the vial.”
3. C“I will keep my spare insulin in the freezer so it lasts longer.”
4. D“I will keep unopened insulin in the fridge.”

A patient has a heart rate of 38/min, feels dizzy and has a blood pressure of 80/50 mmHg. Which drug is usually given first, as prescribed?

1. ADiltiazem
2. BDigoxin
3. CAtropine
4. DMetoprolol

A patient is receiving opioids for pain. Which sign usually comes before opioid-induced respiratory depression?

1. ARising blood pressure
2. BIncreasing sedation
3. CDilated pupils
4. DDiarrhea

In a mass-casualty incident with limited resources, why may a critically injured patient with little chance of survival receive care after others?

1. AResources go first to those most likely to survive with treatment
2. BThe most severely injured are never given comfort care
3. CCritical patients are always treated last in every situation, even outside disasters
4. DPatients are treated in the order they arrive

A patient receiving chemotherapy has an ANC of 300/µL and a new temperature of 38,3 °C (100,9 °F). What should the nurse do first?

1. AReport it at once so cultures and antibiotics start quickly
2. BGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and recheck the temperature in 4 hours
3. CEncourage oral fluids and record the fever in the chart
4. DRemove extra blankets and offer a tepid sponge bath

A patient has taken metformin for 8 years and now has numbness in the feet, a hemoglobin of 10,2 g/dL (102 g/L) and an MCV of 108 fL. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AIron deficiency from gut loss
2. BVitamin D (calciferol) deficiency
3. CVitamin K deficiency
4. DVitamin B₁₂ deficiency

Why is lactulose given to a patient with hepatic encephalopathy?

1. ATo stop bleeding from varices
2. BTo lower the blood glucose
3. CTo reduce the absorption of ammonia from the gut
4. DTo increase the liver's production of albumin

Why must blood samples for a cross-match be labelled at the bedside immediately after they are taken?

1. ATo keep the sample warm so the cells do not break down in transit
2. BTo speed up the laboratory's computer system and reduce the waiting time
3. CTo let the patient sign the label
4. DTo prevent "wrong blood in tube" errors that can cause fatal reactions

Które stwierdzenie dotyczące doustnych antykoagulantów bezpośrednio działających, takich jak apiksaban i rywaroksaban, jest prawidłowe?

1. AIch działanie odwraca podanie witaminy K
2. BPominięte dawki nie mają znaczenia, ponieważ działają przez tygodnie
3. CNie wykonuje się rutynowych oznaczeń INR, ale dawki zależą od czynności nerek
4. DPotrzebne są cotygodniowe oznaczenia INR, jak przy warfarynie

A heavy smoker is having surgery tomorrow and asks whether stopping smoking now is pointless. Which reply is most accurate?

1. ASmoking before surgery protects the lungs from the anaesthetic gases
2. BIt is pointless unless they stopped smoking at least a year ago
3. CStopping now will make the operation more dangerous
4. DStopping even today lowers carbon monoxide levels before surgery

Które stwierdzenie dotyczące zespołu hiperglikemiczno-hiperosmolarnego (HHS) jest prawidłowe?

1. ADotyczy głównie osób starszych z cukrzycą typu 2 i rozwija się w ciągu dni
2. BWystępuje głównie u małych dzieci z cukrzycą typu 1
3. CRozwija się w ciągu minut i jest mniej niebezpieczny niż DKA
4. DZawsze powoduje wysokie stężenie ketonów we krwi i ciężką kwasicę metaboliczną

A patient with lung cancer is confused, dehydrated and constipated, with a corrected calcium of 3,4 mmol/L (about 13,6 mg/dL). What is usually the first treatment?

1. AIV fluids to rehydrate the patient
2. BIV calcium gluconate and vitamin D
3. COral calcium tablets
4. DA fluid restriction

Which rule about the sterile field is correct?

1. AIf sterility is in doubt, the item is treated as contaminated
2. BThe area below a gowned person's waist is sterile
3. CSterile items can be passed across a non-sterile area freely
4. DA sterile pack stays sterile even when it is wet

A worker has a hydrofluoric acid burn on the hand and severe pain. After irrigation with water, which specific treatment is commonly applied?

1. ACalcium gluconate gel
2. BIce cubes wrapped in a cloth
3. CSodium bicarbonate paste
4. DSilver sulfadiazine cream