Biologia na egzaminy wstępne na pielęgniarstwo: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Które zdanie opisuje bakterie?

1. ATo nie komórki, lecz cząstki białka i DNA
2. BSą jednokomórkowymi eukariontami z jądrem
3. CSą organizmami wielokomórkowymi jak rośliny
4. DSą jednokomórkowymi prokariontami

Which molecules, made by immune cells, bind to specific antigens?

1. AHormones
2. BEnzymes
3. CPhospholipids
4. DAntibodies

Jaki kształt ma cząsteczka DNA?

1. APodwójnej helisy
2. BPotrójnej helisy
3. CPłaskiego pierścienia
4. DPojedynczej prostej nici

The sodium-potassium pump moves ions across the cell membrane. What does one cycle of the pump do?

1. AMoves 3 K⁺ out and 2 Na⁺ in, using ATP
2. BMoves 2 Na⁺ out and 3 K⁺ in, using ATP
3. CMoves Na⁺ in and K⁺ out, without using ATP
4. DMoves 3 Na⁺ out and 2 K⁺ in, using ATP

How does facilitated diffusion differ from active transport?

1. AIt moves only water and no other substances
2. BIt works without any membrane proteins
3. CIt needs ATP and moves substances against their gradient
4. DIt needs no energy and moves substances down their gradient

Co oznacza „diploidalny"?

1. AKomórka ma jeden zestaw chromosomów
2. BKomórka ma dwa zestawy chromosomów
3. CKomórka może podzielić się tylko raz
4. DKomórka nie ma jądra

Fertiliser washes from farmland into a lake. Algae grow rapidly, then die, and later many fish die. What is the main cause of the fish deaths?

1. ABacteria decomposing the dead algae use up the oxygen
2. BThe fertiliser is directly poisonous to fish
3. CThe fish eat too many algae and become ill
4. DThe algae release carbon dioxide that poisons fish

Plants in waterlogged soil take up fewer mineral ions, even when the ions are plentiful. What is the best explanation?

1. AMineral ions only enter by osmosis, and osmosis stops in wet soil
2. BWater dilutes the ions so much that roots cannot detect them
3. CRoot cells lack oxygen, so less ATP is made for active transport
4. DWaterlogged roots carry out more photosynthesis