Kontrola zakażeń i bezpieczeństwo pacjenta: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Czym jest „zdarzenie niemal niepożądane” (near miss)?

1. ABłąd, który dotarł do pacjenta i spowodował poważną szkodę
2. BSkarga złożona przez pacjenta lub jego rodzinę
3. CBłąd, który wychwycono, zanim dotarł do pacjenta
4. DPrawidłowa czynność, która została na krótko opóźniona

Czym jest „kultura sprawiedliwa” (just culture) w bezpieczeństwie pacjenta?

1. AO błędach nigdy się nie rozmawia, aby chronić morale personelu
2. BBłędy zgłasza się otwarcie i naprawia się systemy; nieodpowiedzialne działania nadal się rozpatruje
3. CKażdy błąd prowadzi do formalnego ukarania zaangażowanej osoby
4. DBłędy zgłaszają tylko lekarze, a pielęgniarki ich informują

Which procedure requires surgical asepsis (sterile technique)?

1. AGiving an oral medication through the mouth
2. BMeasuring blood pressure on the upper arm
3. CGiving a bed bath
4. DInserting an indwelling urinary catheter

Before a blood transfusion is started, which check is required?

1. AThe patient signs the blood bag label to confirm their name before it is hung
2. BThe patient’s identity is checked against the blood product and its paperwork at the bedside
3. CThe nurse checks only that the bag number matches the order
4. DOne nurse checks the blood product against the order at the nurses’ station

A patient with a fentanyl skin patch wants to use a heating pad on the area. What should the nurse teach?

1. AHeat makes the patch last longer, so fewer patches are needed each month
2. BAvoid heat on or near the patch, because it increases how fast the drug is absorbed
3. CHeat only matters if the patch is on the chest
4. DHeat is fine to use, because it helps the patch stick better to the skin

A patient has leftover opioid tablets after surgery. Which advice about disposal is best?

1. AKeep them in an unlocked drawer at home in case of future pain
2. BLeave them in the bathroom cabinet indefinitely
3. CGive them to a friend or relative who has back pain
4. DReturn them to a pharmacy or an approved take-back site

A patient’s white cell differential shows a raised number of band (immature) neutrophils, called a “shift to the left”. What does this usually suggest?

1. AA typical viral infection
2. BAn allergic reaction
3. CAn acute bacterial infection
4. DA long-standing parasitic infection

A competent patient at high risk of falls insists on walking to the bathroom alone. What is the best nursing approach?

1. ARemove the patient’s shoes and walking aid so that they cannot walk alone
2. BExplain the risks, agree on ways to reduce them, respect the decision and document
3. CApply wrist restraints so the patient stays in bed
4. DTell the patient that walking alone is against hospital law