Kontrola zakażeń i bezpieczeństwo pacjenta: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Surgical instruments that enter sterile tissue are “critical” items. Which processing do they need before reuse?

1. AHigh-level disinfection
2. BSterilization
3. CLow-level disinfection
4. DCleaning with detergent and water only

Why is a transmission-based precautions sign placed at the door of a patient’s room?

1. ATo tell everyone the patient’s diagnosis and test results
2. BTo tell staff and visitors which precautions and PPE are needed before entering
3. CTo stop all staff and visitors from entering the room for any reason
4. DTo show that the room has been cleaned

What does sterilization achieve that disinfection does not?

1. AIt destroys all microorganisms, including bacterial spores
2. BIt stops organisms from growing for one day only
3. CIt removes visible dirt and organic matter from surfaces
4. DIt kills viruses but leaves all bacteria alive

Where should the dispersive (grounding) pad for electrosurgery be placed?

1. AOn clean, dry skin over a well-perfused muscle, close to the surgical site
2. BOn skin that is wet with antiseptic prep
3. COver a bony prominence such as the hip bone
4. DOver an area with scar tissue or a tattoo, so that the pad does not slip

Which nursing care reduces the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia?

1. ARegular oral care to reduce bacteria in the mouth
2. BChanging the ventilator circuit every few hours
3. CLying the patient flat for most of the day
4. DLeaving secretions in the mouth to protect the airway

A patient on contact precautions must be taken to another department for a test. What is correct?

1. APut the patient in a separate elevator with the doors open
2. BHave the patient wear an N95 respirator during transport
3. CCancel the test until the precautions are no longer needed, however urgent it is
4. DCover wounds, give the patient a clean gown and tell the receiving department

Pielęgniarka podała lek niewłaściwemu pacjentowi. Pacjent wygląda dobrze. Jaki jest pierwszy priorytet?

1. APoczekać z poinformowaniem kogokolwiek do końca zmiany
2. BNajpierw wypełnić zgłoszenie incydentu
3. CNic nie mówić pacjentowi, aby go nie niepokoić
4. DOcenić pacjenta i monitorować działanie leku

A patient with a common cold asks for antibiotics “to be on the safe side”. Which response is best?

1. AAsk the provider to prescribe antibiotics anyway so that the patient is reassured
2. BExplain that antibiotics do not work on viruses and overuse breeds resistant bacteria
3. CTell the patient that antibiotics will shorten the cold by several days
4. DSuggest using leftover antibiotics from a previous illness