Kontrola zakażeń i bezpieczeństwo pacjenta: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which is one of the body’s first-line, non-specific defenses against infection?

1. AAntibiotics in the bloodstream
2. BMemory T cells
3. CIntact skin
4. DAntibodies made after vaccination

Which precautions are used for a patient with diphtheria of the throat (pharyngeal diphtheria)?

1. ADroplet precautions
2. BAirborne precautions
3. CContact precautions only
4. DStandard precautions only

Which finding suggests a systemic infection rather than only a local one?

1. ARedness around a small cut
2. BFever with a raised heart rate
3. CSlight tenderness around an IV site
4. DMild swelling at an injection site

When is a prophylactic antibiotic usually given to prevent a surgical site infection?

1. AWithin about 60 minutes before the incision
2. BOne week before surgery
3. CThe day after surgery, once the wound is closed
4. DOnly if a fever develops after surgery

A portable x-ray is taken at the bedside. Which action protects the nurse?

1. AStand next to the patient and hold the film without protection
2. BStep away from the patient or wear a lead apron during the exposure
3. CStay close to the patient to keep them still without protection
4. DLook directly at the x-ray tube during the exposure to check its position

A nurse finds a used needle in a patient’s bed linen. What should the nurse do?

1. ARecap it with two hands before throwing it away
2. BPick it up by the hub or with forceps, put it in a sharps container and report it
3. CFold it into the linen and send it to the laundry
4. DLeave it where it is for the housekeeping staff to remove later in the day

A nurse asks a colleague to “just glance” at an insulin infusion before starting it. What makes a check truly independent?

1. AThe second nurse looks at the bag label from the doorway
2. BThe first nurse reads the details aloud and the second agrees
3. CThe second nurse checks the order, drug, dose and pump settings separately without being told the answer
4. DThe second nurse signs the record after the infusion has already been started by the first

Pacjent z ciężką immunosupresją po przeszczepieniu komórek macierzystych przebywa w środowisku ochronnym. Czego nie należy wnosić do sali?

1. AOprawionej fotografii rodzinnej, która została przetarta
2. BCzystej odzieży pacjenta
3. CCzystego, zdezynfekowanego tabletu
4. DŚwieżych kwiatów lub roślin doniczkowych