Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolity: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which type of white blood cell is normally the most numerous in an adult's blood?

1. AMonocytes
2. BEosinophils
3. CNeutrophils
4. DLymphocytes

Jaki jest typowy zakres referencyjny liczby płytek krwi u dorosłych?

1. AOkoło 12–16 × 10³/µL (12–16 × 10⁹/L)
2. BOkoło 1000–2000 × 10³/µL (1000–2000 × 10⁹/L)
3. COkoło 4,5–11 × 10³/µL (4,5–11 × 10⁹/L)
4. DOkoło 150–400 × 10³/µL (150–400 × 10⁹/L)

What is a main role of albumin in the blood?

1. AIt fights bacteria by engulfing them in the blood
2. BIt forms the mesh that holds a blood clot together
3. CIt holds fluid in the vessels by oncotic pressure
4. DIt carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues

Which blood collection practice helps prevent hemolysis of the sample?

1. ALeaving the tourniquet on for at least 3 minutes
2. BUsing the smallest needle available for every patient
3. CGently inverting the tubes instead of shaking them
4. DForcing blood quickly through a needle into the tube

Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an oral potassium chloride supplement?

1. ATake it with food and a full glass of water, and do not crush extended-release tablets
2. BTake it on an empty stomach with only a small sip of water to speed absorption
3. CCrush the extended-release tablets and mix them with a little water if needed
4. DUse a salt substitute as well, so less of the tablet is needed each day

For most hospitalized adults with diabetes who are critically ill, which glucose target range is commonly recommended?

1. AAbout 60–80 mg/dL (3,3–4,4 mmol/L)
2. BAbout 300–350 mg/dL (16,7–19,4 mmol/L)
3. CAbout 140–180 mg/dL (7,8–10 mmol/L)
4. DAbout 250–300 mg/dL (13,9–16,7 mmol/L)

A patient with advanced chronic kidney disease has a mildly raised troponin that has stayed the same on several tests over months. There is no chest pain and the ECG is unchanged. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA sign of skeletal muscle injury, because troponin comes from all muscles
2. BProof of an acute myocardial infarction that needs emergency treatment now
3. CA laboratory error, because troponin is never raised in kidney disease
4. DA chronic stable rise; infarction needs a rising or falling pattern

U pacjenta z wapniem 6,8 mg/dL (1,7 mmol/L) nagle pojawia się szumiący oddech i ochrypły głos. Co to sugeruje?

1. ANormalną reakcję, która minie bez leczenia
2. BLęk z powodu wyników krwi, wymagający spokojnego uspokojenia
3. CPrzeziębienie, które zaczęło się dziś rano
4. DSkurcz krtani, stan nagły wymagający pilnej pomocy i dożylnego wapnia