Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolity: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What does a creatinine clearance measured from a 24-hour urine collection estimate?

1. AThe concentrating ability of the urine
2. BThe rate of red cell production
3. CThe glomerular filtration rate
4. DThe amount of protein lost from the blood

Which substance contributes most to normal serum osmolality?

1. APlasma albumin
2. BSodium and its anions
3. CUrea (from BUN)
4. DGlucose in plasma

A raised serum uric acid is most closely linked to which condition?

1. AIron-deficiency anemia
2. BGout
3. CHypothyroidism
4. DOsteoporosis

A nurse completed the hepatitis B vaccine series. Which result shows protective immunity?

1. AA positive HBsAg test
2. BA positive IgM anti-HBc
3. CAnti-HBs of 10 mIU/mL or more
4. DA raised ALT level

A blood sample drawn just after a patient ate a fatty meal is reported as "lipemic." What does this mean for the results?

1. AHigh fat in the sample may interfere with some test results
2. BThe results are more accurate than in a fasting sample
3. CThe sample shows the patient has diabetic ketoacidosis
4. DThe sample was contaminated by an IV fluid with dextrose

An older adult with chronic kidney disease takes glyburide (glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea) and has repeated low glucose readings. Why is this a concern?

1. AThe drug and its metabolites build up and cause long lows
2. BThe drug stops working entirely when the kidneys fail
3. CThe drug causes high potassium that lowers the glucose
4. DThe drug makes the glucose meter read falsely low

Two sets of blood cultures were taken from separate sites. Only one bottle in one set grows coagulase-negative staphylococci, and the patient has no line or implant. What is the most likely interpretation?

1. ACertain bloodstream infection needing treatment
2. BInfection with a resistant organism such as MRSA
3. CProof that the patient has infective endocarditis
4. DProbable skin contamination of the sample

A patient in hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state has a glucose of 1,050 mg/dL (58 mmol/L), very dry mucous membranes and a fast pulse. Which treatment is usually the first priority?

1. AStrict fluid restriction
2. BLarge-volume IV fluid replacement
3. COral glucose-lowering tablets
4. DAn IV bolus of sodium bicarbonate