Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolity: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

In a healthy adult, the CSF glucose is usually about what proportion of the blood glucose?

1. AAbout one tenth (10%)
2. BExactly the same (100%)
3. CAbout double (200%)
4. DAbout two-thirds (60%)

A patient on warfarin asks what an INR of 2,0 means. Which explanation is best?

1. AYour blood takes about twice as long as normal to clot
2. BYou have twice the normal number of platelets
3. CYour warfarin dose is twice what it should be
4. DYour blood clots about twice as fast as is normal

How does active vitamin D (calcitriol) affect calcium?

1. AIt blocks calcium absorption from the gut
2. BIt increases calcium absorption from the gut
3. CIt moves calcium out of the blood into cells
4. DIt increases calcium loss in the urine

A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices that the drained fluid is cloudy and has abdominal pain. What should the nurse do?

1. ASend the fluid for cell count and culture and report it
2. BAdd more glucose to the next bag to clear the fluid
3. CRecord it as normal and continue the usual exchanges
4. DStop dialysis for a week and recheck the fluid later

A patient's levothyroxine dose was changed today. When is the TSH usually rechecked?

1. AAfter about 1 year
2. BAfter about 6–8 weeks
3. CAfter about 24 hours
4. DAfter about 3 days

Why is a baseline platelet count taken before starting heparin therapy?

1. ASo a later fall from heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is detected
2. BBecause heparin is given at a dose based on the platelet count
3. CBecause heparin increases the platelet count to dangerous levels
4. DSo that the INR can be calculated from the platelet count later

A patient with a serum albumin of 1,9 g/dL (19 g/L) has signs of phenytoin toxicity, although the total phenytoin level is in the usual range. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ALow albumin makes the liver clear phenytoin much faster
2. BLow albumin makes the total level falsely high in all cases
3. CLow albumin stops phenytoin from crossing into the brain
4. DLow albumin raises the free (active) fraction of phenytoin

A young woman with frequent self-induced vomiting has swollen salivary glands. Which laboratory pattern is most likely?

1. AHigh calcium, high phosphate and high glucose
2. BLow potassium, high bicarbonate and high amylase
3. CLow sodium, low bicarbonate and high lipase
4. DHigh potassium, low bicarbonate and low amylase