Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolity: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

A serum sodium of 151 mEq/L is called:

1. AHypernatremia
2. BHypercalcemia
3. CHyperkalemia
4. DHyponatremia

What does a "culture and sensitivity" test of a sample show?

1. AWhether the patient is allergic to an antibiotic
2. BWhich organism grows and which antibiotics work on it
3. CHow many white cells are present in the sample
4. DThe amount of antibiotic in the patient's blood

Which laboratory test is traditionally used to adjust a continuous infusion of unfractionated heparin?

1. AErythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
2. BInternational normalized ratio (INR)
3. CActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
4. DPlatelet function assay (PFA-100 test)

A patient on carbamazepine becomes confused and has a headache. Which laboratory result would most likely explain this?

1. AA low serum magnesium
2. BA high serum potassium
3. CA high serum calcium
4. DA low serum sodium

A young adult with new diabetes has a very low C-peptide level. What does this suggest?

1. AThe patient has high insulin resistance, as in type 2 diabetes
2. BThe pancreas is making very little insulin, as in type 1 diabetes
3. CThe patient is injecting too much insulin and needs a lower dose
4. DThe kidneys are excreting all of the patient's insulin in urine

In the third trimester of pregnancy, a woman's alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is about twice the usual adult range, and the other liver tests are normal. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA sign of new bone cancer
2. BA sign of blocked bile ducts
3. CA normal rise from placental ALP
4. DA sign of acute viral hepatitis

U pacjenta otrzymującego wlew heparyny liczba płytek spada z 260 do 110 × 10³/µL w 7. dobie. Które działanie jest najwłaściwsze?

1. ANie podejmować działań, ponieważ liczba jest nadal tuż powyżej 100 × 10³/µL
2. BZgłosić to natychmiast: możliwa jest małopłytkowość poheparynowa
3. CKontynuować wlew i zwiększyć szybkość zgodnie z protokołem
4. DPrzetoczyć płytki i kontynuować heparynę

A child with sickle cell disease and a recent viral illness is pale and tired. The hemoglobin has fallen sharply, and the reticulocyte count is very low. What is the most likely problem?

1. AA vaso-occlusive pain crisis in the bones
2. BA normal finding in sickle cell disease
3. CAn aplastic crisis, often caused by parvovirus B19
4. DIron deficiency from a poor diet over months