Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolity: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Stężenie potasu w surowicy 5,9 mEq/L nazywa się:

1. AHiperkaliemią
2. BHipernatremią
3. CHipokaliemią
4. DHiperkalcemią

Gdy na ramieniu pacjenta napompowuje się mankiet do pomiaru ciśnienia, jego dłoń wpada w skurcz ze zgiętym nadgarstkiem. Które zaburzenie elektrolitowe sugeruje ten objaw?

1. AHipokalcemię
2. BHiperkalcemię
3. CHipernatremię
4. DHiperkaliemię

A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) means that the red cells are:

1. AMore numerous than normal
2. BPaler than normal (hypochromic)
3. CLarger than normal (macrocytic)
4. DShaped like a sickle

A patient on carbamazepine becomes confused and has a headache. Which laboratory result would most likely explain this?

1. AA low serum sodium
2. BA high serum calcium
3. CA low serum magnesium
4. DA high serum potassium

When do the blood counts usually reach their lowest point (nadir) after many standard chemotherapy regimens?

1. AAbout 6 months after treatment
2. BWithin 1–2 hours of treatment
3. CAbout 7–14 days after treatment
4. DOn the same day as treatment

A patient is scheduled for a liver biopsy. Which laboratory results should the nurse check before the procedure?

1. AHbA1c and lipid panel
2. BTSH and free T₄
3. CPlatelet count and PT/INR
4. DSerum sodium and chloride

A child with sickle cell disease and a recent viral illness is pale and tired. The hemoglobin has fallen sharply, and the reticulocyte count is very low. What is the most likely problem?

1. AAn aplastic crisis, often caused by parvovirus B19
2. BA normal finding in sickle cell disease
3. CA vaso-occlusive pain crisis in the bones
4. DIron deficiency from a poor diet over months

A 5-year-old has new bruising and petechiae two weeks after a viral illness. Platelets are 12 × 10³/µL; hemoglobin, white cell count and clotting times are normal. Which condition is most likely?

1. AAcute leukemia
2. BDisseminated intravascular coagulation
3. CHemophilia A
4. DImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP)