Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolity: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

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Imię: ____________________   Data: ____________

1.Łatwy

For a fasting plasma glucose test, the patient should have had no caloric intake for at least:

  1. A3 hours
  2. B1 hour
  3. C24 hours
  4. D8 hours
2.Łatwy

Jaki jest typowy zakres referencyjny liczby krwinek białych u dorosłych?

  1. AOkoło 4,5–11 × 10³/µL (4,5–11 × 10⁹/L)
  2. BOkoło 0,5–1,0 × 10³/µL (0,5–1,0 × 10⁹/L)
  3. COkoło 25–40 × 10³/µL (25–40 × 10⁹/L)
  4. DOkoło 150–400 × 10³/µL (150–400 × 10⁹/L)
3.Łatwy

What is a typical adult reference range for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

  1. AAbout 0,4–4,0 mIU/L
  2. BAbout 0,01–0,04 mIU/L
  3. CAbout 40–80 mIU/L
  4. DAbout 10–20 mIU/L
4.Średni

A patient with hepatic encephalopathy is receiving lactulose. Which finding best shows that the treatment is effective?

  1. AA rising serum ammonia with a slower flapping tremor
  2. BTwo to three soft stools a day and clearer thinking
  3. CNo bowel movement for 2 days and calm sleep
  4. DSix to eight watery stools a day with dizziness
5.Średni

Why is a blood β-hydroxybutyrate level often preferred to a urine ketone dipstick in DKA?

  1. AIt is the only test that can measure glucose and ketones together
  2. BIt shows the average ketone level over the past three months
  3. CIt measures the main ketone in DKA, and the dipstick may miss it
  4. DThe urine dipstick only detects ketones in people without diabetes
6.Średni

A patient with type 2 diabetes starts prednisone each morning. When is the glucose most likely to be highest?

  1. AIn the afternoon and evening
  2. BThe glucose will not change
  3. CAt midnight only
  4. DIn the early morning, before the dose
7.Trudny

Weeks after neck surgery, a patient has muscle cramps and tingling. Calcium is low, phosphate is high and parathyroid hormone (PTH) is low. Which condition fits best?

  1. AVitamin D toxicity
  2. BChronic kidney disease
  3. CPrimary hyperparathyroidism
  4. DHypoparathyroidism
8.Trudny

A patient in hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state has a glucose of 1,050 mg/dL (58 mmol/L), very dry mucous membranes and a fast pulse. Which treatment is usually the first priority?

  1. AAn IV bolus of sodium bicarbonate
  2. BLarge-volume IV fluid replacement
  3. COral glucose-lowering tablets
  4. DStrict fluid restriction

Klucz odpowiedzi

  1. 1. D · 8 hours
  2. 2. A · Około 4,5–11 × 10³/µL (4,5–11 × 10⁹/L)
  3. 3. A · About 0,4–4,0 mIU/L
  4. 4. B · Two to three soft stools a day and clearer thinking
  5. 5. C · It measures the main ketone in DKA, and the dipstick may miss it
  6. 6. A · In the afternoon and evening
  7. 7. D · Hypoparathyroidism
  8. 8. B · Large-volume IV fluid replacement

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