Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolity: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What does the term "left shift" mean on a white cell differential?

1. AMore immature neutrophils (bands) than normal
2. BA fall in all the white cell types together
3. CMore lymphocytes than neutrophils in the blood
4. DA rise in the number of eosinophils

Jaki jest typowy zakres referencyjny osmolalności surowicy?

1. AOkoło 275–295 mOsm/kg
2. BOkoło 400–500 mOsm/kg
3. COkoło 50–100 mOsm/kg
4. DOkoło 135–145 mOsm/kg

Który objaw jest typowy dla wysokiego stężenia magnezu w surowicy?

1. AWygórowane odruchy i drganie mięśni
2. BOsłabione lub zniesione głębokie odruchy ścięgniste
3. CSkurcz nadgarstka po napompowaniu mankietu
4. DSilna potrzeba picia wody

A healthy patient has a mildly raised CK after running a marathon yesterday, without dark urine or symptoms. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AStrenuous exercise raised CK from skeletal muscle
2. BAn acute myocardial infarction has occurred
3. CThe patient has developed acute pancreatitis
4. DThe patient has developed acute hepatitis

A patient on a heparin infusion has an aPTT below the target range on the protocol. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop the infusion and give protamine sulfate as quickly as possible
2. BAdjust the rate as the protocol directs and recheck as scheduled
3. CSwitch the infusion to oral warfarin without a prescription
4. DContinue the same rate and recheck the aPTT in a few days

A patient with chronic kidney disease has a potassium of 5,6 mEq/L. Which food should the nurse advise the patient to limit?

1. AApples
2. BBananas
3. CWhite rice
4. DCabbage

A patient has taken metformin for 8 years and now has numbness in the feet, a hemoglobin of 10,2 g/dL (102 g/L) and an MCV of 108 fL. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AVitamin D (calciferol) deficiency
2. BVitamin K deficiency
3. CIron deficiency from gut loss
4. DVitamin B₁₂ deficiency

A patient with blood pressure that is hard to control has a potassium of 2,9 mEq/L, a sodium of 144 mEq/L and a raised serum bicarbonate, without taking a diuretic. Which condition is most likely?

1. APrimary adrenal insufficiency
2. BCentral diabetes insipidus
3. CPrimary hyperaldosteronism
4. DSyndrome of inappropriate ADH