Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolity: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which statement about HDL cholesterol is correct?

1. AIt is the same as the fasting triglyceride level
2. BHigher levels are the main cause of plaque in the arteries
3. CIt should ideally be kept below 40 mg/dL (1,0 mmol/L)
4. DHigher levels are linked to a lower risk of heart disease

What does a "culture and sensitivity" test of a sample show?

1. AWhether the patient is allergic to an antibiotic
2. BWhich organism grows and which antibiotics work on it
3. CHow many white cells are present in the sample
4. DThe amount of antibiotic in the patient's blood

Which drug commonly causes a low serum potassium?

1. ALisinopril
2. BFurosemide
3. CSpironolactone
4. DAmiloride

A healthy woman at 28 weeks of pregnancy has a mildly lower hemoglobin than before pregnancy, with a normal MCV and ferritin. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AIron is being lost through the kidneys during the pregnancy
2. BThe fetus is destroying the mother's red cells in the circulation
3. CPregnancy hormones stop the bone marrow from making red cells
4. DPlasma volume rises more than red cell mass, diluting the blood

A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices that the drained fluid is cloudy and has abdominal pain. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop dialysis for a week and recheck the fluid later
2. BSend the fluid for cell count and culture and report it
3. CAdd more glucose to the next bag to clear the fluid
4. DRecord it as normal and continue the usual exchanges

Pacjent ma sód 152 mEq/L. Jakich objawów spodziewa się pielęgniarka?

1. APrzyrostu masy ciała z obrzękniętymi kostkami
2. BPragnienia, suchych błon śluzowych i niepokoju
3. CBradykardii ze szpiczastymi załamkami T
4. DDrgania mięśni z dodatnim objawem Trousseau

Four patients had a thyroidectomy earlier today. Which result should the nurse act on first?

1. ACalcium 7,2 mg/dL (1,8 mmol/L) with tingling lips
2. BHemoglobin 12,1 g/dL (121 g/L) after surgery
3. CGlucose 145 mg/dL (8,0 mmol/L) after surgery
4. DSodium 136 mEq/L on IV fluids after surgery

A patient on digoxin has a calcium of 12,1 mg/dL (3,0 mmol/L) and new nausea and a slow pulse. Why is the calcium result important?

1. AHigh calcium blocks digoxin, so the drug stops working
2. BHigh calcium only matters if the potassium is also high
3. CHigh calcium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity
4. DHigh calcium makes the kidneys clear digoxin faster