Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolity: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

For many non-pregnant adults with diabetes, which HbA1c target is commonly recommended?

1. ABelow 7% (53 mmol/mol)
2. BBelow 10% (86 mmol/mol)
3. CBelow 4% (20 mmol/mol)
4. DAbove 9% (75 mmol/mol)

A laboratory reports that a blood sample is "hemolyzed." What does this mean?

1. AThe sample has a very low hemoglobin
2. BRed cells in the sample have broken open
3. CThe sample contains too many platelets
4. DThe sample was taken from an artery

Which statement about HDL cholesterol is correct?

1. AHigher levels are the main cause of plaque in the arteries
2. BIt is the same as the fasting triglyceride level
3. CIt should ideally be kept below 40 mg/dL (1,0 mmol/L)
4. DHigher levels are linked to a lower risk of heart disease

A urine culture report states "mixed growth of three organisms, likely contamination." What is the nurse's best response?

1. ADiscard the report, because a mixed growth is always normal
2. BStart treatment for all three organisms with three antibiotics
3. CRecord the result as a confirmed urinary tract infection
4. DInform the provider and arrange a new, correctly collected sample

Why is a baseline platelet count taken before starting heparin therapy?

1. ABecause heparin is given at a dose based on the platelet count
2. BBecause heparin increases the platelet count to dangerous levels
3. CSo a later fall from heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is detected
4. DSo that the INR can be calculated from the platelet count later

A patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation has a target INR of 2,0–3,0. How does the usual target for a patient with a mechanical mitral valve compare?

1. AThe same, 2,0–3,0
2. BLower, about 1,0–1,5
3. CMuch higher, about 5,0–6,0
4. DHigher, about 2,5–3,5

A patient taking isoniazid for latent TB reports nausea, loss of appetite and dark urine. The ALT is five times the upper limit of normal. What is the best action?

1. ADouble the dose to finish the treatment course more quickly
2. BContinue the isoniazid and give it with food to settle the stomach
3. CReassure the patient that dark urine is a harmless drug effect
4. DHold the isoniazid and report the findings to the prescriber at once

The nurse teaches a patient who is collecting a 24-hour urine sample at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll ask whether any foods or drugs should be avoided first"
2. B"I'll empty my bladder at the end time and add that urine"
3. C"If I forget to save one void, I'll just carry on to the end"
4. D"I'll keep the container cool as the laboratory told me to"