Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolity: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

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Imię: ____________________   Data: ____________

1.Łatwy

Which liver test is especially sensitive to heavy alcohol use?

  1. ACardiac troponin I or T
  2. BSerum creatinine and BUN
  3. CGamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)
  4. DSerum lipase (pancreatic enzyme)
2.Łatwy

Które badanie moczu służy do przesiewowego wykrywania wczesnego uszkodzenia nerek u osób z cukrzycą?

  1. APosiew moczu w kierunku bakterii
  2. BTest ciążowy z moczu
  3. CCiężar właściwy moczu
  4. DStosunek albuminy do kreatyniny w moczu (ACR)
3.Łatwy

Why is AST less specific for liver damage than ALT?

  1. AAST is found only in the kidney tubules
  2. BAST is not measured in the blood at all
  3. CAST is made by the bone marrow, not the liver
  4. DAST is also found in heart and skeletal muscle
4.Średni

Why must vitamin B12 deficiency be ruled out before treating macrocytic anemia with folic acid alone?

  1. AFolic acid makes B12 deficiency anemia much worse within a few days
  2. BFolic acid causes iron overload when B12 levels are low
  3. CFolic acid can fix the anemia while B12-related nerve damage continues
  4. DFolic acid blocks the absorption of all B12 from the diet
5.Średni

A patient takes high-dose furosemide. Besides potassium, which electrolyte is most commonly lowered?

  1. APhosphate
  2. BUric acid
  3. CSodium bicarbonate
  4. DMagnesium
6.Średni

A patient with type 1 diabetes has the flu, is eating little and has a glucose of 290 mg/dL (16,1 mmol/L). Which advice is correct?

  1. AStop all insulin until you are eating normally again
  2. BDrink only water and avoid all carbohydrate foods
  3. CKeep taking insulin and check blood or urine ketones
  4. DWait 3 days before checking the glucose again
7.Trudny

A patient with schizophrenia drinks very large amounts of water each day. Sodium is 121 mEq/L, and the urine is very dilute (urine osmolality 70 mOsm/kg). Which explanation fits best?

  1. APrimary (psychogenic) polydipsia
  2. BCentral diabetes insipidus
  3. CSyndrome of inappropriate ADH
  4. DHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
8.Trudny

A patient has a sodium of 150 mEq/L, a glucose of 180 mg/dL and a BUN of 28 mg/dL. Using the formula 2 × Na + glucose/18 + BUN/2,8, what is the calculated serum osmolality?

  1. AAbout 320 mOsm/kg, which is high
  2. BAbout 285 mOsm/kg, which is normal
  3. CAbout 358 mOsm/kg, which is high
  4. DAbout 300 mOsm/kg, which is normal

Klucz odpowiedzi

  1. 1. C · Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)
  2. 2. D · Stosunek albuminy do kreatyniny w moczu (ACR)
  3. 3. D · AST is also found in heart and skeletal muscle
  4. 4. C · Folic acid can fix the anemia while B12-related nerve damage continues
  5. 5. D · Magnesium
  6. 6. C · Keep taking insulin and check blood or urine ketones
  7. 7. A · Primary (psychogenic) polydipsia
  8. 8. A · About 320 mOsm/kg, which is high

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