Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowy: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What is the normal duration of the QRS complex on an adult ECG?

1. ALess than 0,12 seconds
2. BBetween 0,20 and 0,40 seconds
3. CMore than 0,50 seconds
4. DExactly 1 second

What is the pulse pressure?

1. AThe pressure measured in the right atrium at rest
2. BThe difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures
3. CThe average arterial pressure over one whole cardiac cycle
4. DThe number of pulse beats counted in one minute

Rust-coloured sputum is classically linked with which infection?

1. AAllergic rhinitis
2. BOral thrush
3. CA viral common cold
4. DPneumococcal pneumonia

A patient with bronchiectasis of the right lower lobe is taught postural drainage. How should they be positioned?

1. AFlat on the back with the arms raised
2. BWith the affected lobe uppermost so gravity drains it
3. CSitting fully upright at all times
4. DWith the affected lobe lowest so it fills with mucus

Why is a shock for cardioversion synchronised with the QRS complex?

1. ATo keep the pads from burning the skin
2. BTo avoid delivering the shock during the T wave
3. CTo make the shock less painful for the patient
4. DTo allow the use of a lower battery charge

Why is a higher level of HDL cholesterol considered protective?

1. AHDL is converted into vitamin D in the walls of the arteries
2. BHDL carries cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver
3. CHDL thins the blood in the same way as an anticoagulant
4. DHDL lowers the blood pressure directly

Why is the cuff pressure of an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube checked regularly?

1. AThe cuff pressure directly controls the patient's oxygen saturation
2. BToo high a pressure damages the trachea; too low allows aspiration
3. CThe cuff must be kept fully deflated in every ventilated patient
4. DThe cuff pressure sets the ventilator's breathing rate

The monitor shows a regular broad-complex tachycardia at 180/min. The patient is alert with BP 126/78 mmHg and no chest pain. What is the most appropriate plan?

1. AReassure the patient, as this is a normal rhythm
2. BStart chest compressions straight away and give a dose of IV adrenaline
3. CRecord a 12-lead ECG, call senior help and anticipate an antiarrhythmic
4. DDeliver an unsynchronised shock immediately, before any other assessment