Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowy: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which symptom lasting more than three weeks is a classic warning sign of laryngeal cancer?

1. APersistent hoarseness of the voice
2. BOccasional hiccups
3. CMild sneezing and a runny nose in the morning
4. DItching of the eyes

Which symptom should a patient taking a statin report promptly?

1. AA brief headache on the first day
2. BMild hunger before meals
3. CUnexplained muscle pain or weakness
4. DSlightly darker morning urine

What does the term "dyspnoea" mean?

1. AThe feeling of difficult or uncomfortable breathing
2. BA complete stop in breathing lasting over 10 seconds
3. CBreathing that is deeper than normal
4. DA breathing rate above 20 breaths per minute at rest

A patient on ramipril is to start sacubitril/valsartan for heart failure. What is the key safety point?

1. ABoth drugs should be taken together each day for the best effect
2. BThe ACE inhibitor dose should be doubled during the change
3. CThe ACE inhibitor must be stopped first, with a gap before starting
4. DSacubitril/valsartan is safe to start on the same morning

How is a patient usually positioned for a thoracentesis?

1. AProne with the arms by the sides
2. BLying on the affected side with the head down
3. CFlat on the back with the legs raised
4. DSitting upright and leaning forward over a table

Why does a large, rapidly forming pericardial effusion lower the blood pressure?

1. AIt makes the heart muscle contract too strongly and too fast
2. BIt causes the aortic valve to leak backwards into the ventricle
3. CIt compresses the heart and stops the ventricles filling
4. DIt dilates the arteries throughout the body

A nurse finds a patient collapsed in bed and unresponsive. What should the nurse do first?

1. ALeave the patient to fetch a defibrillator before calling anyone
2. BGive two rescue breaths, then check the blood glucose before calling anyone
3. CTake a full set of observations, including temperature and blood glucose
4. DShout for help, open the airway and check breathing for up to 10 seconds

Twelve hours after a coronary stent, a patient has sudden severe chest pain again with new ST elevation in the same leads. What is the most likely cause?

1. ANormal pain from the procedure site
2. BIndigestion from the hospital meal
3. CAcute stent thrombosis
4. DPericarditis from the catheter