Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowy: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Jaka pozycja zwykle ułatwia oddychanie pacjentowi z ostrym zaostrzeniem POChP?

1. ASiedząca, pochylona do przodu, z podpartymi ramionami
2. BLeżąca na boku z obniżoną głową
3. CLeżąca na brzuchu na twardym materacu
4. DLeżąca płasko na plecach, z nogami uniesionymi na poduszkach

What is bronchiectasis?

1. AA brief spasm of the airways that fully reverses with treatment
2. BDestruction of the alveolar walls with air trapping
3. CA tumour of the main bronchus
4. DPermanent widening of the bronchi with chronic sputum

What is an aneurysm?

1. AA blood clot in a deep vein
2. BA tear in the inner lining of a vein
3. CA complete blockage of an artery by plaque
4. DAn abnormal bulging of a weakened artery wall

A patient who had a leg amputation says they feel burning pain in the missing foot. What is the best response?

1. AExplain that phantom limb pain is real and arrange treatment
2. BTell the patient the pain must be imaginary as the foot has gone
3. CAdvise that it will be ignored until it stops
4. DExplain that burning pain in the missing foot shows wound infection

Unless fluids are restricted, why are patients with pneumonia encouraged to drink plenty?

1. ATo make the cough completely stop
2. BTo flush the bacteria out through the urine
3. CTo prevent dehydration and keep secretions thinner
4. DTo lower the temperature by diluting the blood plasma

A patient with heart failure starts dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor. Which teaching is most relevant?

1. AAvoid drinking any fluids at all for the first week of treatment
2. BExpect the urine to turn bright orange and stain underwear and clothes
3. CKeep the genital area clean, as fungal infections are more common
4. DTake an extra dose if the ankles swell

Three hours after femoral cardiac catheterisation, a patient has new lower back and flank pain, a heart rate of 112/min and BP 92/60 mmHg. The groin looks normal. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA urinary tract infection
2. BNormal back ache from lying flat
3. CAn allergic reaction to the contrast
4. DRetroperitoneal bleeding

Two days after coronary artery bypass surgery, a patient feels palpitations. The pulse is irregularly irregular at 140/min and BP is 112/70 mmHg. Which rhythm is most likely?

1. AVentricular fibrillation
2. BAtrial fibrillation
3. CComplete heart block
4. DSinus tachycardia