Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowy: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Where in the kidney does furosemide mainly act?

1. AThe collecting duct only
2. BThe renal artery
3. CThe glomerulus
4. DThe loop of Henle

Which side effects are common after inhaled salbutamol (albuterol)?

1. AFine tremor and a fast heart rate
2. BWeight gain and ankle swelling
3. CDrowsiness and a slow heart rate
4. DConstipation and dry eyes

Where are AED pads usually placed on an adult?

1. ABoth pads on the back, side by side between the shoulder blades
2. BOn each upper arm
3. CBoth pads on the abdomen, just below the ribs on either side
4. DBelow the right collarbone and on the left side below the armpit

After thrombolysis for a myocardial infarction, which complication is the nurse most concerned to detect?

1. AA high blood glucose caused by the thrombolytic drug itself
2. BA skin rash appearing at the sites of the ECG electrodes
3. CBleeding, including a sudden change in neurological status
4. DConstipation from bed rest

In heart failure, why does activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system worsen symptoms over time?

1. AIt causes sodium and water retention and vasoconstriction
2. BIt lowers the blood pressure to very low levels over time
3. CIt slows the heart rate dangerously
4. DIt makes the kidneys pass too much dilute urine each day

Analysis of a pleural effusion shows it is an exudate (high protein and LDH compared with blood). Which cause is most likely?

1. APneumonia or cancer affecting the pleura
2. BNephrotic syndrome with protein lost in urine
3. CLiver cirrhosis with a low albumin
4. DHeart failure with raised venous pressure

A patient with asthma needs their reliever every three hours and their peak flow is falling well below their personal best. What does their action plan most likely advise?

1. AStop the preventer inhaler for a few days to rest the lungs
2. BFollow the worsening-asthma steps and get a same-day review
3. CWait two weeks to see whether it improves without any change
4. DDo extra exercise to open the airways

A heavy smoker is having surgery tomorrow and asks whether stopping smoking now is pointless. Which reply is most accurate?

1. AStopping now will make the operation more dangerous
2. BSmoking before surgery protects the lungs from the anaesthetic gases
3. CIt is pointless unless they stopped smoking at least a year ago
4. DStopping even today lowers carbon monoxide levels before surgery