Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowy: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What is the main role of the delay at the atrioventricular (AV) node?

1. AIt closes the aortic valve
2. BIt starts each heartbeat by firing faster than the SA node
3. CIt speeds the impulse to the ventricles so they beat sooner
4. DIt gives the ventricles time to fill before they contract

What is the main function of the epiglottis?

1. AIt warms and moistens the air on its way into the lungs
2. BIt vibrates to produce the sound of the voice when speaking
3. CIt covers the entrance to the larynx during swallowing
4. DIt divides the trachea into two bronchi

Which procedure relieves cardiac tamponade?

1. AThoracentesis (pleural tap)
2. BBronchoscopy
3. CCardioversion
4. DPericardiocentesis

Which investigation is usually used to confirm a deep vein thrombosis in the leg?

1. AAn exercise ECG
2. BA lung function test
3. CCompression duplex ultrasound
4. DA plain chest X-ray and an ECG

How should a patient breathe in when using a dry powder inhaler?

1. ASlowly and gently over about ten seconds
2. BSeveral times, breathing out into the device between breaths
3. CQuickly and deeply, after breathing out away from the device
4. DThrough the nose with the mouthpiece in the mouth

Analysis of a pleural effusion shows it is an exudate (high protein and LDH compared with blood). Which cause is most likely?

1. APneumonia or cancer affecting the pleura
2. BLiver cirrhosis with a low albumin
3. CNephrotic syndrome with protein lost in urine
4. DHeart failure with raised venous pressure

After a car crash, a patient is severely breathless with absent breath sounds on the right, a deviated trachea, distended neck veins and BP 76/40 mmHg. What is the immediate management?

1. AUrgent needle or finger decompression of the right chest
2. BInsertion of a urinary catheter to monitor output
3. CLying the patient flat with the legs raised
4. DA chest X-ray to confirm the diagnosis before any treatment

After six weeks of treatment for tuberculosis, a patient has nausea, dark urine and yellow eyes. What should the nurse do?

1. ADouble the isoniazid dose to clear the infection faster
2. BReassure the patient that the urine colour is due to rifampicin
3. CWithhold the next doses and report urgently for liver tests
4. DAdvise taking the tablets with an alcoholic drink to settle the stomach