Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowy: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What does a nebuliser do?

1. AIt measures the level of oxygen in the blood through the skin
2. BIt turns a liquid medicine into a fine mist to breathe in
3. CIt sucks secretions out of the airway
4. DIt warms and filters the air entering a tracheostomy tube

What is the pulse pressure?

1. AThe average arterial pressure over one whole cardiac cycle
2. BThe number of pulse beats counted in one minute
3. CThe difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures
4. DThe pressure measured in the right atrium at rest

What is pitting oedema?

1. ASwelling that keeps a dent for a while after firm pressure
2. BRedness of the skin that turns white when it is pressed
3. CA small sore that forms on the shin
4. DSwelling that is hard and does not dent at all when pressed

Why does a large, rapidly forming pericardial effusion lower the blood pressure?

1. AIt causes the aortic valve to leak backwards into the ventricle
2. BIt dilates the arteries throughout the body
3. CIt makes the heart muscle contract too strongly and too fast
4. DIt compresses the heart and stops the ventricles filling

What is the main problem in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?

1. AA blocked pulmonary artery
2. BA dilated ventricle that cannot contract strongly
3. CA stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole
4. DA leaking aortic valve

When should an adult with cystic fibrosis take pancreatic enzyme capsules?

1. AOnce a day on waking, at least an hour before any food
2. BOnly at bedtime
3. CWith all meals and snacks that contain fat
4. DOnly when they have diarrhoea

Four surgical patients need VTE prevention. For which patient is mechanical prophylaxis alone most appropriate?

1. AA patient with cancer having bowel surgery
2. BA patient after an uncomplicated knee replacement
3. CA patient who had a brain haemorrhage two days ago
4. DAn obese patient after hip surgery

Po operacji biodra pacjent nagle zaczyna odczuwać duszność i lęk, ma tętno 124/min, SpO₂ 86% na powietrzu i ostry ból przy oddychaniu. Nad płucami szmer pęcherzykowy prawidłowy. Co powinna zrobić pielęgniarka w pierwszej kolejności?

1. APrzeprowadzić pacjenta po oddziale, aby poprawić oddychanie
2. BPołożyć pacjenta płasko i unieść obie nogi na poduszkach
3. CPodać lek uspokajający na lęk i ponownie sprawdzić za godzinę
4. DPodać tlen, posadzić pacjenta, wezwać pilną ocenę i pozostać przy nim