Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowy: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What is the "calf muscle pump"?

1. ACalf muscles squeezing the deep veins to push blood towards the heart
2. BA device that inflates around the calf during surgery to warm the leg
3. CThe artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the muscles of the calf
4. DA heart valve that pumps blood into the legs

What is the approximate tidal volume of a resting adult?

1. AAbout 50 mL
2. BAbout 5 litres
3. CAbout 1,5 litres
4. DAbout 500 mL

Which sign often appears earliest in hypovolaemic shock in an adult?

1. AFixed, dilated pupils
2. BA systolic pressure below 70 mmHg
3. CA slow, bounding pulse
4. DA rising heart rate

Septic shock belongs to which category of shock?

1. ACardiogenic shock
2. BHypovolaemic shock
3. CObstructive shock
4. DDistributive shock

Which investigation is usually used to confirm a deep vein thrombosis in the leg?

1. AA plain chest X-ray and an ECG
2. BCompression duplex ultrasound
3. CAn exercise ECG
4. DA lung function test

Which advice is most helpful for a patient with Raynaud's phenomenon?

1. ASoak the hands in cold water to toughen the vessels
2. BTake a decongestant tablet before going outdoors
3. CRub the fingers hard with snow during an attack
4. DKeep the whole body warm, wear gloves and stop smoking

Hours after surgery to restore blood flow to an ischaemic leg, the patient has severe calf pain that is worse when the toes are moved passively, and the calf feels tense. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ACompartment syndrome from reperfusion swelling
2. BCramp from lying still in bed
3. CExpected postoperative pain from the leg wound
4. DA superficial thrombophlebitis of the long saphenous vein

A day after a myocardial infarction, a patient has frequent ventricular ectopic beats on the monitor. Which blood results should be checked first?

1. AAlbumin and bilirubin
2. BFerritin and vitamin B₁₂
3. CAmylase and lipase
4. DPotassium and magnesium