Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowy: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

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Imię: ____________________   Data: ____________

1.Łatwy

What happens to the lungs in emphysema?

  1. AThe airways narrow briefly and fully recover
  2. BThe bronchi become permanently widened and repeatedly infected
  3. CAlveolar walls are destroyed, reducing the surface for gas exchange
  4. DThe pleural space slowly fills with fluid that compresses the lung
2.Łatwy

What is atelectasis?

  1. AFluid in the space around the lung
  2. BCollapse of part of the lung so the alveoli contain no air
  3. CNarrowing of the airways caused by spasm of smooth muscle
  4. DInfection of the lung tissue causing the alveoli to fill with pus
3.Łatwy

How is most oxygen carried in the blood?

  1. ABound to albumin and other plasma proteins
  2. BDissolved freely in the plasma water
  3. CBound to haemoglobin in red blood cells
  4. DCarried as bicarbonate ions in the plasma
4.Średni

Which foot care advice is correct for a patient with peripheral arterial disease?

  1. AWalk barefoot at home to strengthen the feet
  2. BCut corns with a razor blade to prevent pressure
  3. CCheck the feet daily and wear well-fitting shoes
  4. DUse a hot water bottle on the feet at night
5.Średni

After a bronchoscopy with throat anaesthesia, when can the patient eat and drink?

  1. AImmediately after the scope is removed
  2. BOnly after a chest X-ray has been reported
  3. CAfter a full 24 hours without food
  4. DWhen the gag and cough reflexes have returned
6.Średni

How should a patient breathe in when using a pressurised metered-dose inhaler without a spacer?

  1. ANormally, while breathing out through the mouthpiece
  2. BSlowly and deeply while pressing the canister, then hold the breath
  3. CAs hard and fast as possible, then press the canister afterwards
  4. DIn short gasps through the nose while pressing the canister
7.Trudny

A patient with squamous cell lung cancer becomes confused, thirsty and constipated, with abdominal pain. Which electrolyte disturbance is most likely?

  1. AHypomagnesaemia
  2. BHypercalcaemia
  3. CHypokalaemia
  4. DHyponatraemia
8.Trudny

A patient with severe aortic stenosis is prescribed glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) for chest pain. Why should the nurse use particular caution?

  1. AVasodilators can cause a severe fall in BP with a fixed outflow obstruction
  2. BGTN raises the blood pressure dangerously in aortic stenosis
  3. CGTN makes the narrowed aortic valve tighten further within a few minutes
  4. DThere is no reason for caution, because GTN acts only on the coronary arteries

Klucz odpowiedzi

  1. 1. C · Alveolar walls are destroyed, reducing the surface for gas exchange
  2. 2. B · Collapse of part of the lung so the alveoli contain no air
  3. 3. C · Bound to haemoglobin in red blood cells
  4. 4. C · Check the feet daily and wear well-fitting shoes
  5. 5. D · When the gag and cough reflexes have returned
  6. 6. B · Slowly and deeply while pressing the canister, then hold the breath
  7. 7. B · Hypercalcaemia
  8. 8. A · Vasodilators can cause a severe fall in BP with a fixed outflow obstruction

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